Requiem of a Spanish Peasant

Requiem of a Spanish Peasant

Requiem for a Spanish Peasant ("Requiem por un campesino español") is a famous short novel in twentieth-century Spanish literature by Ramon Sender. It relates the thoughts and memories of Mosen Millan, a Catholic parish priest, as he sits in the vestry of a church in a nameless Aragonese village, preparing to conduct a reqiuem mass to celebrate the life of a young peasant named Paco killed by the Nationalist army a year earlier, at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. As he waits, his thoughts are interrupted by the occasional comings and goings of an altar boy, who hums to himself an anonymous ballad.

The novel was originally published under the title "Mosen Millan"; however, the author changed the title to shift the focus from the priest to its peasant protagonist.

Plot summary:
The story is narrated by a third-person omniscient narrator who has insight into Mosen Millan's thoughts and feelings. Three distinct planes of narration exist in the novel: the present, Millan's recollections as he waits of his relationship with Paco from birth to death; and the ballad the altar boy sings which recounts Paco's life.

In the present, Millan, fatigued, prays as he awaits the requiem mass with recollections of Paco's life. As he prays he rests his head against a wall - a habit - which bears a dark spot. The altar boy comes and goes and both remark on the lack of people attending mass. Millan, knowing and feeling guilty that he played a role Paco's death, asks the altar boy to leave the church to look for mass attenders in the town square when the altar boy sings the parts of the ballad that refer to Millan.

Characters:
Mosen Millan
the altar boy
Paco, the young peasant.
Aguera, Paco's wife.
Don Gumersindo
Don Valeriano
Castulo Perez
La Jeronima, the midwife.
the shoemaker

Symbols:
the dark spot
Mosen Millan's fatigue
owls
partridges
- Since don Juan Manuel's El Conde Lucanor, partridges have served in Spanish literature as symbols of deceit. In El Conde Lucanor itself they mark a necromancer's deception of a clergyman wishing to advance his career within the church. The necromancer offers the clergyman a dinner of partridges and promptly hypnotizes him into believing he ascends to the papacy in a matter of a few years. Therefore, partridges in Requiem may symbolize Millan's untrustworthiness, or his weakness in the face of persuasion, as we observe that Millan betrays almost unwittingly with a slight nod of the head. larks
colt
the cave
"cojones" (slang, "testicles") - La Jeronima's dialogue informs us that she knows based on changing Paco's diapers in his infancy that he is endowed with unusually large testicles, symbols of his masculinity and his courage. These sharply contrast Millan's weak character.


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