Lemuroidea

Taxobox
name = LemuroideaMSW3 Groves|pages=114-121]

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image_caption = Indri ("Indri indri")
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
subordo = Strepsirhini
infraordo = Lemuriformes
superfamilia = Lemuroidea
superfamilia_authority = Gray, 1873
subdivision_ranks = Families"Lemuridae" "Lepilemuridae" "Indriidae"

Lemuroidea is the superfamily of strepsirrhine primates that contains many of the lemur species, including true lemurs, sportive lemurs, bamboo lemurs, woolly lemurs, and sifakas. All lemuroids live exclusively on the island of Madagascar and the smaller nearby islands.

There are three families in the Lemuroidea family; Lemuridae, Lepilemuridae and Indriidae. Their distinctive characteristics are a dental toothcomb, a grooming claw on the second digit of their feet, a postorbital bar, no postorbital closure and a primitive nasal region with ethmoid recess. [cite web | url=http://csm.jmu.edu/biology/wunderre/primate_primer/superfamily_lemuroidea.htm | title=Superfamily Lemuroidea | date=2008-04-14]

Classification

The three families of lemuroids contain 58 species in 9 genera.

* ORDER PRIMATES
** Suborder Strepsirrhini: non-tarsier prosimians
*** Infraorder Lemuriformes
**** Superfamily Cheirogaleoidea: dwarf and mouse lemurs
**** Superfamily Lemuroidea
***** Family Lemuridae
****** Subfamily Lemurinae
******* Genus "Lemur"
******** Ring-tailed Lemur, "Lemur catta"
******* Genus "Eulemur" : true lemurs
******** Black Lemur, "Eulemur macaco"
******** Common Brown Lemur, "Eulemur fulvus"
******** Sanford's Brown Lemur, "Eulemur sanfordi"
******** White-headed Lemur, "Eulemur albifrons"
******** Red-fronted Brown Lemur, "Eulemur rufus"
******** Collared Brown Lemur, "Eulemur collaris"
******** White-collared Brown Lemur, "Eulemur albocollaris"
******** Mongoose Lemur, "Eulemur mongoz"
******** Crowned Lemur, "Eulemur coronatus"
******** Red-bellied Lemur, "Eulemur rubriventer"
******* Genus "Varecia" : ruffed lemurs
******** Black-and-white Ruffed Lemur, "Varecia variegata"
******** Red Ruffed Lemur, "Varecia rubra"
****** Subfamily Hapalemurinae
******* Genus "Hapalemur" : lesser gentle or bamboo lemurs
******** Eastern Lesser Bamboo Lemur, "Hapalemur griseus"
******** Western Lesser Bamboo Lemur, "Hapalemur occidentalis"
******** Southern Lesser Bamboo Lemur, "Hapalemur meridionalis"
******** Lac Alaotra Gentle Lemur, "Hapalemur alaotrensis"
******** Golden Bamboo Lemur, "Hapalemur aureus"
******* Genus "Prolemur"
******** Greater Bamboo Lemur, "Prolemur simus"
***** Family Lepilemuridae: sportive lemurs
****** Genus "Lepilemur"
******* Aeecl's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur aeeclis" *
******* Ahmanson's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur ahmansoni" **
******* Ankarana Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur ankaranensis"
******* Betsileo Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur betsileo" **
******* Gray-backed Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur dorsalis"
******* Milne-Edwards' Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur edwardsi"
******* Fleurete's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur fleuretae" **
******* Grewcock's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur grewcocki" **
******* Hubbard's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur hubbardi" **
******* James' Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur jamesi" **
******* White-footed Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur leucopus"
******* Manasamody Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur manasamody" †
******* Small-toothed Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur microdon"
******* Ring Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur milanoii" **
******* Weasel Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur mustelinus"
******* Otto's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur otto" †
******* Petter's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur petteri" **
******* Randrianasoli's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur randrianasoli" *
******* Red-tailed Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur ruficaudatus"
******* Sahamalaza's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur sahamalazensis" *
******* Scott's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur scottorum" ††
******* Seal's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur seali" **
******* Northern Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur septentrionalis"
******* Hawk's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur tymerlachsoni" **
******* Wright's Sportive Lemur, "Lepilemur wrighti" **
***** Family Indriidae: woolly lemurs, sifakas, and allies
****** Subfamily Indriinae
******* Genus "Indri"
******** Indri, "Indri indri"
******* Genus "Avahi"
******** Bemaraha Woolly Lemur, "Avahi cleesei" ‡
******** Eastern Woolly Lemur, "Avahi laniger"
******** Moore's Woolly Lemur, "Avahi mooreorum" ††
******** Western Woolly Lemur, "Avahi occidentalis"
******** Sambirano Woolly Lemur, "Avahi unicolor"
******** Peyrieras' Woolly Lemur, "Avahi peyrierasi" ‡‡
******** Southern Woolly Lemur, "Avahi meridionalis" ‡‡
******** Ramanantsoavana's Woolly Lemur, "Avahi ramanantsoavana" ↑
******** Betsileo Woolly Lemur, "Avahi betsileo"↑
******* Genus "Propithecus"
******** "P. diadema" group
********* Diademed Sifaka, "Propithecus diadema"
********* Silky Sifaka, "Propithecus candidus"
********* Milne-Edwards' Sifaka, "Propithecus edwardsi"
********* Perrier's Sifaka, "Propithecus perrieri"
********* Golden-crowned Sifaka, "Propithecus tattersalli"
******** "P. verreauxi" group
********* Verreaux's Sifaka, "Propithecus verreauxi"
********* Coquerel's Sifaka, "Propithecus coquereli"
********* Decken's Sifaka, "Propithecus deckenii"
********* Crowned Sifaka, "Propithecus coronatus"
*** Infraorder Chiromyiformes
*** Infraorder Lorisiformes
** Suborder Haplorrhini: tarsiers, monkeys and apes
:* New species according to molecular analysis [cite journal | author = Andriaholinirina, N., Fausser, J., Roos, C., Rumpler, Y., "et al" | title = Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the sportive lemurs ("Lepilemur", Primates) | date = 2006 February 23 | journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume = 6 | pages = 17 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2148-6-17]
:** New species according to molecular analysis [cite journal | author = Edward E. Louis, Jr., Shannon E. Engberg, Runhua Lei, Huimin Geng, Julie A. Sommer, Richard Randriamampionona, Jean C. Randriamanana, John R. Zaonarivelo, Rambinintsoa Andriantompohavana, Gisele Randria, Prosper, Boromé Ramaromilanto, Gilbert Rakotoarisoa, Alejandro Rooney, and Rick A. Brenneman | year = 2006 | title = Molecular and morphological analyses of the sportive lemurs (Family Megaladapidae: Genus "Lepilemur") reveals 11 previously unrecognized species | journal = Texas Tech University Special Publications | issue = 49 | pages = 1-49 | url = http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/opapers/specpubs/SP49.pdf | format = PDF]
:† New species according to molecular analysis [cite journal | author = Mathias Craul, Elke Zimmermann, Solofo Rasoloharijaona, Blanchard Randrianambinina and Ute Radespiel | date = 2007-05-31 | title = Unexpected species diversity of Malagasy primates (Lepilemur spp.) in the same biogeographical zone: a morphological and molecular approach with the description of two new species | journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume = 7 | pages = 83 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2148-7-83]
:†† New species according to molecular analysis [cite web |url=http://www.omaha.com/index.php?u_620798&u_sid=10264361 |title=Henry Doorly Zoo scientists identify two new lemur species |author=Palmer, Jane |publisher="Omaha World-Herald" |date=2008-02-21 |accessdate=2008-02-24] :‡ New species discovered in the wildcite journal | author = Thalmann, U., and T. Geissmann | title = New species of woolly lemur Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes) in Bemaraha (Central Western Madagascar)|journal = American Journal of Primatology| volume = 67 | year = 2005 | pages = 371-376 ] :‡‡ New species based on genetic and morphological analysescite journal | author = Zaramody A., Fausser J.-L., Roos C., Zinner D., Andriaholinirina N., Rabarivola C., Norscia I., Tattersall I., and Rumpler Y | title = Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the eastern woolly lemur (Avahi laniger)| journal = Primate Report | volume = 74 | year = 2006 | pages = 9-22 ] :↑ New species base don molecular analysiscite journal | author = Andriantompohavana R. , Lei R., Zaonarivelo J. R., Engberg S. E., Nalanirina G., McGuire S. M., Shore G. D., Andrianasolo J., Herrington K., Brenneman R. A., and Louis E. E. Jr| title = Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the woolly lemurs, Genus Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes)| journal = Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University | volume = 51 | year = 2007 | pages = 1-64 |url=http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/opapers/specpubs/SP51.pdf]

References