Ikarus 451

__NOTOC__ Infobox Aircraft
name=451


caption=
type=Research aircraft
national origin=Yugoslavia
manufacturer=Ikarus
designer=Dragoljub Beslin
first flight=avyear|1952
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variants with their own articles=The designation Ikarus 451 covers a family of six research aircraft designs built in Yugoslavia in the 1950s, all sharing the same basic airframe, but otherwise quite different from each other. One member of the family Ikarus 451M became the first domestically-built jet aircraft to fly in Yugoslavia, on 25 October 1952.

The first aircraft built under this designation was a propeller-driven aircraft that accommodated the pilot in prone position. It was an otherwise conventional low-wing monoplane with retractable tailwheel undercarriage, the main units of which retracted backwards into the engine nacelles mounted below the wings. This flew in 1952, and by the end of the year was followed by the 451M ("Mlazni" - "Jet") which had conventional seating for the pilot and in place of the two Walter Minor 6-III inline engines of the original Ikarus 451 (which has two inverted Walter six-cylinder piston engines of 118 kW (158 bhp) each, 6.7m (22 ft) wingspan, a maximum speed of 335 kph (182 knots) and a ceiling of 4750m (15,570 ft).) was fitted with Turboméca Palas turbojets. In this version, the undercarriage retracted inwards. Provision was made to carry one 20 mm Hispano Suiza 404A cannon under the fuselage, plus six RS rockets under the wings. Further developments were aimed at developing a viable military aircraft from this basic design.

The S-451M Zolja ("Wasp") that flew in 1954 featured a stretched fuselage, folding wings, and redesigned engine nacelles, now in the same plane as the wing rather than being hung under it (1960 – S-451M Zolja, ultra light jet plane set the world speed record, flying at 500.2 km/hour). This served as the basis for the development of an armed version, the J-451MM Stršljen ("Hornet") intended for the close-support ("Jurisnik") role. This differed from preceding members of the family by introduction of tricycle undercarriage, Turboméca Marbore engines with over twice the thrust of those used on earlier aircraft, and armament increased to two HS.404 cannon carried under the fuselage. This configuration then formed the basis for the S-451MM Matica ("Queen bee") two-seat trainer that set a world airspeed record flying at 750.34 km/hour in 1957 and T-451MM Stršljen II single-seat acrobatic trainer.

No member of the family was produced in any number. The 451, 451M, and J-451MM are all preserved at the Museum of Aviation in Belgrade.

pecifications (451M)

aerospecs
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met or eng?= met

crew=One pilot
capacity=
length m=7.45
length ft=24
length in=5
span m=6.78
span ft=22
span in=3
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rot dia m=
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width m=
width ft=
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height m=2.32
height ft=7
height in=7
wing area sqm=8.0
wing area sqft=86
swept area sqm=
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volume m3=
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aspect ratio=
empty weight kg=897
empty weight lb=1,977
gross weight kg=1,350
gross weight lb=2,980
lift kg=
lift lb=

eng1 number=2
eng1 type=Turboméca Palas 056A
eng1 kw=
eng1 hp=
eng1 kn= 1.5
eng1 lbf= 330
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max speed kmh=470
max speed mph=290
max speed mach=
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range km=300
range miles=190
endurance h=
endurance min=
ceiling m=8,500
ceiling ft=27,900
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ee also

* Ikarus 452

References

*

External links

* [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.airwar.ru/enc/other/s451.html&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.airwar.ru/enc/other/s451.html%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG Ikarus S-451M] (Specifications, photos, scheme...)
* [http://rides.webshots.com/photo/2884361950033538523mVoavK Ikarus T-451M Stršljen ("Hornet") photo]
* [http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?aircraft_genericsearch=Ikarus%20S-451&distinct_entry=true Ikarus S-451, 451M & S-451MM Matica ("Queen bee") photos]
* [http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?aircraft_genericsearch=Ikarus%20T-451MM%20Strsljen&distinct_entry=true Ikarus T-451M Stršljen ("Hornet") & T-451MM Stršljen II ("Hornet II") photos]