Scheme (linguistics)

Scheme (linguistics)

In linguistics, scheme is a figure of speech that changes the normal arrangement of words in a sentence's structure. A good example of a playwright who was notorious for his use of schemes and tropes was William Shakespeare ("Romeo and Juliet", "Hamlet", "Julius Caesar").

tructures of Balance

  • Parallelism - The use of similar structures in two or more clauses
    • Isocolon - Use of parallel structures of the same length in successive clauses
    • Tricolon - Use of three parallel structures of the same length in independent clauses and of increasing power
  • Antithesis - The juxtaposition of opposing or contrasting ideas
  • Climax- The arrangement of words in order of increasing importance

Changes in Word Order

  • Anastrophe - Inversion of the usual word order
  • Parenthesis - Insertion of a clause or sentence in a place where it interrupts the natural flow of the sentence
  • Apposition - The placing of two elements side by side, in which the second defines the first

Omission

  • Ellipsis - Omission of words
  • Asyndeton - Omission of conjunctions between related clauses
  • Brachylogia - Omission of conjunctions between a series of words
  • Polysyndeton - Repetition of conjunctions

Repetition

  • Alliteration - A series of words that begin with the same letter or sound alike
  • Assonance - The repetition of vowel sounds, most commonly within a short passage of verse
  • Polyptoton - Repetition of words derived from the same root
  • Antanaclasis - Repetition of a word in two different senses
  • Anaphora - The repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses
  • Consonance - The repetition of consonant sounds without the repetition of the vowel sounds
  • Epistrophe - The counterpart of anaphora
  • Symploce - Combination of anaphora and epistrophe
  • Epanalepsis - Repetition of the initial word or words of a clause or sentence at the end of the clause or sentence
  • Anadiplosis - Repetition of a word at the end of a clause at the beginning of another
  • Climax - Repetition of the scheme anadiplosis at least three times, with the elements arranged in an order of increasing importance
  • Antimetabole - Repetition of words in successive clauses, in reverse order
  • Chiasmus - Reversal of grammatical structures in successive clauses

External links

* [http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Figures/Schemes.htm Schemes] from Silva Rhetoricae


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