Gan De

Gan De

Gan De (°, as a tropical year has 365Fraction|1|4 days. At the time, most ancient astronomers adopted the Babylon division where the celestial sphere is divided by 360°.

Books

As the earliest attempt to document the sky during the Warring States Period, Gan De's work possesses high scientific value. He wrote two books, the "Treatise on Jupiter" and the 8-volumes "Treatise on Astronomical Astrology" [also known as the Gan's Treatise on Stars.] , both of which have been lost. Gan De also wrote the "Astronomic star observation" (天文星占, Tianwen xingzhan). [Peng, Yoke Ho (2000). Li, Qi and Shu: An Introduction to Science and Civilization in China. Courier Dover Publications. ISBN 0486414450]

It can be seen on the quotations under Shiji (volume 27) and Hanshu (volume 26), but was preserved mostly in the Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era. [Another 2 volumes preserved texts were attributed to him and Shi Shen and were incorporated to the Daoist Canon during the Song Dynasty, more commonly known as the Treatise on Stars of Gan and Shi. However, the book is generally not considered to be the more reliable than the Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era, due to the anachronistic of name of places, etc. in the texts.]

In 1973, a similar catalogue by him and Shi Shen was uncovered in Mawangdui and was arranged under the name of Divination of Five Planets, it records the motion of Jupiter, Saturn, Venus and other planets in their orbits between 246 BC and 177 BC.

ee also

* Chinese star maps
* Hipparchus
* Nicolaus Copernicus
* Galileo Galilei

Notes

References

*cite book | author=Du Shiran et al | title=Biographies of Ancient Chinese Scientists Series One: [http://www.xys.org/xys/ebooks/others/science/history/china/gande.txt Gan De] | publisher=Kexue Chubanshe | location=Beijing | pages=25-27 | year=1992 | id=ISBN 7-03-002926-7
*cite book | author=Ma Linghong| title=Discoveries and Studies on the Bamboo and Silk Texts| publisher=Shanghai Shudian Chubanshe | location=Shanghai | pages=56-58 | year=2002 | id=ISBN 7-80622-944-2
*cite book | author=Gu Jianqing et al | title=Great Lexicon on Chinese Arts of Necromancy | publisher=Zhongshan University Press | location=Guangzhou | pages=648 | year=1991 | id=ISBN 7-306-00313-5
*X. Zezong, The Discovery of Jupiter's Satellite Made by Gan De 2000 years Before Galileo, "Chinese Physics" 2 (3) (1982): 664-667.
*"Sky and Telescope", February , 1981.


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