- GIS applications
Geographic information systems (GIS) (also known as Geospatial information systems) are computer software and hardware systems that enable users to capture, store, analyse and manage spatialially referenced data [http://www.gis.com/whatisgis/index.html GIS.com Guide to Geographic Information Systems] Accessed 13 March 2008 ] .
GISs have transformed the way spatial (geographic) data, relationships and patterns in the world are able to be interactively queried, processed, analysed, mapped, modelled, visualised, and displayed for an increasingly large range of users, for a multitude of purposes [ [http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/gistimeline/ Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis's GIS Timeline displaying the development and grow of GIS from the 1960's to the present day] Accessed 13 March 2008] [http://www.gita.org/about-gita/geospatial.asp Geographical Information and Technology Association web page] Accessed 13 March 2008]
Examples of GIS applications
User's of GIS's range from indigenous peoples, communities, research institutions, environmental scientists, health organisations, land use planners, businesses, and government agencies at all levels .
Uses range from information storage; spatial pattern identification; visual presentation of spatial relationships; remote sensing - all sometimes made available through internet web interfaces, involving large numbers of users, data collectors, specialists and/or community participants.
Some examples include:
GIS Application: Archaeology
Archaeologists were some of the early adopters, users, and developers of GIS and Geographic Information Science.Fact|date=March 2008
Increasing numbers of archaeologists have found GIS to be a cost effective, accurate, and fast means of both analysing large volumes of data, and visually displaying the spatial dimensions of people's behaviour within mapped landscapes, through time.Fact|date=March 2008
Over a period of 10 years or more, the use of GIS in archaeology has transformed both the way archaeologists acquire and visualise data, plus the way in which archaeologists think about space itself.Fact|date=March 2008
GIS Application: Crime
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Crime mapping GIS Application: History
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Historical geographic information system GIS Application: Hydrology
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GIS and Hydrology GIS Application: Remote Sensing
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Remote sensing application GIS Application: Indigenous
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Traditional knowledge gis GIS Application: Public
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Public Participation GIS ee also
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Geographic information system
*China Historical Geographic Information System
*Canada Geographic Information System
*Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative
*GISCorps
*Great Britain Historical GIS
*Society for Conservation GIS External links
GIS Applications: General
* [http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/gistimeline/ Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis's GIS Timeline displaying the development and grow of GIS from the 1960's to the present day] Accessed 13 March 2008
* [http://www.gita.org/about-gita/geospatial.asp Geographical Information and Technology Association web page] Accessed 13 March 2008GIS Applications: Archaeology
* [http://museums.ua.edu/oar/archgis.shtml University of Alabama Office of Archaeology Research’s pages on using GIS]
* [http://www.esri.com/industries/archaeology/index.html ESRI's page on using GIS in Archaeology]
* [http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/gis/Archaeology.htm Stanford Library's page on GIS and Archaelogy]
* [http://www.archatlas.org/Home.php ArchAtlas] a project aims to provide a visual summary of spatial processes in prehistoric and early historic times, such as the spread of farming, the formation of trade contacts, and the growth of urban systems.
* [http://groups.google.com/group/hgis Historical Geographic Information Systems Online Forum on Google]
* [http://www.fastionline.org Fasti Online - an online GIS of archaeological sites]References
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