Arthur de Carle Sowerby

Arthur de Carle Sowerby (8 July 1885–16 August 1954; zh-cp|c=苏道味|p=Sū Dàowèi) was British naturalist, explorer, writer, and publisher in China.

Background

Sowerby was the son of Christian missionary in China, the Reverend Arthur Sowerby, and was the great grandson of James Sowerby the botanist and founder of the Geological Society.cite book | last = Sowerby | first = Richard Raine | title = Sowerby of China: Arthur de Carle Sowerby | publisher = Titus Wilson and Son | date = 1956] .

The Sowerby family was on furlough in England during the 1900 Boxer Rebellion, but many friends and colleagues in Shanxi were massacred.cite book | last = Stevens | first = Keith | title = Naturalist, Author, Artist, Explorer and Editor | publisher = Hong Kong Branch Royal Asiatic Society | date = 1998]

Education

Sowerby attended Bristol University studying for a BSc in Science but dropped out and returned to China where he was appointed lecturer and curator of the Anglo-Chinese College in Tientsin.

Expeditions

Sowerby joined the Duke of Bedford’s 1906 Mission to collect zoological specimens in Shensi for the British Museum during which time he discovered a new species of Jerboa which was subsequently named after him "Dipus sagitta sowerby".

Sowerby was taken on as a naturalist for Robert Sterling Clark's Expedition of 1909 which sought specimens from the Yellow River into Shensi and then to Kansu province and made the first map of a little-known area of China. Clarke and Sowerby later published a book about the expedition entitled "Through Shen-Kan"cite book | last = Clark | first = Robert Sterling and Sowerby, Arthur de Carle | title = Through Shên-kan; the account of the Clark expedition in north China, 1908-9 | publisher = London [etc.] T.F. Unwin | date = 1912] .

He made four separate expeditions into Manchuria and parts of Mongolia during the next few years, the last being in 1915 and then wrote his book "Fur and Feather in North China". In. the autumn of 1915 he went over to meet his brother and sister, both missionaries in Sian, and took the opportunity to seek more specimens in the Ch'ingling range to the south of the city.

haanxi Relief

During the Xinhai Revolution, Arthur headed up the Shaanxi (Shensi) Relief Expedition. The expedition's task was to rescue and lead to safety as many foreign missionaries as possible. Setting out in December 1911 they trekked to Xi'an where the whole area was in a state of political upheaval following the overthrow of the dynasty. Bandit hordes were rampaging and had taken over much of the countryside. After a number of hair-raising experiences they returned to the safety of Peking in early 1912.cite book | last = Borst-Smith | first = Ernest F. | title = Caught in the Chinese Revolution | publisher = T Fisher Unwin | date = 1912]

First World War

Sowerby returned to England during the First World War with the intention of joining up, but to his dismay was posted to the Chinese Labour Corps (CLC) due to his ability to speak the language. He was demobilised in 1919, remaining in England for a further year while writing "The Naturalist in Manchuria".

"The China Journal"

By the early part of the 1920s, Sowerby found that his chronic arthritis was preventing him from making any more major expeditions and therefore, when he met and married Clarice Moise in 1922, during her stay in Shanghai on her world tour, they settled in Shanghai where they decided to found the "China Journal" which they edited until 1938, with Sowerby making regular contributions and editorials."The China Journal", China Society of Arts and Science]

Other interests

Sowerby was a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, a Fellow of the Zoological Society, a member of the RAS North China Branch and also President [1928] of the China Society of Science and Arts (in Shanghai), as well as being Honorary Director of the Shanghai Museum.

Death

Sowerby and his third wife Alice retired to Washington, D.C. in the United States where Arthur died in 1954.

Publications

* Nature in Chinese Art, HE Gibson - 1940 - The John Day Company
* Clay Funerary Figurines of the Pre-Han Period in China, 1954 - Hong Kong University Press
* Notes on the Original Habitat of Father David's Deer, 1949 - Université l'Aurore
* A Review of the Mammals of the Japanese Islands, Possessions and Mandated Territories, - Université l'Auroore
* A New Species of Shrew from the Shanghai Area, 1945 - Université l'Aurore
* Amphibians and Reptiles Recorded from Or Known to Occur in the Shanghai Area, M Heude - 1943 - Université l'Aurore
* Birds Recorded from Or Known to Occur in the Shanghai Area, 1943 - Université l'Aurore
* The mammals of the Japanese Islands, a. de Carle Sowerby - 1943 - Universite L'Aurore
* Nature in Chinese art, 1940 - The John Day Company New York
* A naturalist's note-book in China, 1925 - Shanghai: North-China Daily News
* On a New Bat from Manchuria, Journal of Mammalogy, 1922
* Notes on Heude's Bears in the Sikawei Museum, and on the Bears of Palaearctic Eastern Asia, - Journal of Mammalogy, 1920

References