List of retired Pacific typhoon names (JMA)

This is a list of all Pacific typhoons that have had their names retired by the Japan Meteorological Agency. A total of 16 typhoon names have been retired since the start of official tropical cyclone naming in the western North Pacific Ocean in 2000. Tropical cyclone names are retired by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in a meeting in November or December of each year. Those typhoons that have their names retired tend to be exceptionally destructive storms. Several names were removed or altered naming list for various reasons other than retirement. Collectively, retired typhoons caused over $30 billion in damage (2008 USD), as well as over 3,800 deaths.

General information

In 2000, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) began naming tropical cyclones from a list of 140 names, submitted by 14 countries. Previously, the JMA labeled storms with numbers, but not names. The JMA has been the official warning agency of the western Pacific Ocean since 1981, though other organizations have also tracked typhoons. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially named tropical cyclones from 1947 to 1999. [cite web|author=Hong Kong Observatory|year=2007|title=Tropical Cyclones in 2006|accessdate=2008-03-04|url=http://www.weather.gov.hk/publica/tc/tc2006/english/section1.htm] During this time period, there were several pre-determined tropical cyclone lists, in which many names were removed and replaced with others. [cite web|author=Digital Typhoon|year=2006|title=Typhoon List View|accessdate=2008-03-04|url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital-typhoon/year/wnp/.html.en] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) names tropical cyclones using a separate list, which is adjusted periodically. [cite web|author=Chris Landsea|year=2007|title=How are Tropical Cyclones Named?|publisher=Hurricane Research Division|accessdate=2008-03-05|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/TCFAQ_B.txt]

Several names were removed from the list. In 2002, the name "Hanuman" was retired prior to being used, due to objection by the India Meteorological Department for reason of religion. [cite web|author=Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific|year=2001|title=Report of the Typhoon Committee on its Thirty-Fourth Session|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|accessdate=2008-03-04|url=http://www.wmo.ch/pages/prog/www/TCP_vO/Typhoon-C/final-report-TC34-dec2001.doc|format=DOC] Additionally, the name "Kodo" was retired in 2002 without being used.cite web|author=Tropical Cyclone Programme|year=2008|title=Typhoon Committee Operational Manual - Meteorological Component|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|accessdate=2008-03-04|url=http://www.wmo.ch/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/TCP-23EDITION2008.pdf|format=PDF] In 2004, the names "Yanyan" and "Tingting" were removed at the request of the Hong Kong Observatory. [cite web|author=Hong Kong Observatory|year=2005|title=Change of Tropical Cyclone Names : "Dolphin" and "Lionrock" to replace "Yanyan" and "Tingting"|accessdate=2008-03-04|url=http://210.0.235.9/wxinfo/news/2005/pre1124e.htm] A total of nine names on the list had their spellings changed.

List of retired typhoons

Listed by chronological order

Listed by deaths

[
Typhoon Durian (2006) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) image. It shows the well-defined eye of the storm and the clouds surrounding it.] This lists retired Pacific typhoons by the number of deaths they caused. Typhoons names are generally retired for one of two reasons, either because they were particularly damaging or particularly deadly. Most storms cause fatalities not by their high winds but rather through flooding - either storm surge or inland flooding due to rainfall. Storm surge has the highest potential for deaths. With modern forecasting, warning, and evacuations, storm surge deaths can be nearly eliminated; however, the potential is still very high for catastrophe in places where warning systems are not in place or if warnings are ignored. Inland flooding, by contrast, is unpredictable because it depends heavily on the system's interaction with the terrain and with other nearby weather systems.

See also

* List of retired tropical cyclone names
** List of retired Atlantic hurricane names
** List of retired Pacific hurricane names
*

References