John Prendergast (British Army officer)

Infobox Military Person
name=John Hume Prendergast
lived=November 15, 1910 - February 9, 2008


caption=
nickname=
placeofbirth=Lahore, British India
placeofdeath=
allegiance=British Crown
branch= British Indian Army
British Army
serviceyears= 1929-1955
rank=Brigadier
unit= 2nd Bn.Royal Sussex Regiment
1st & 4th Bns.15th Punjab Regiment
Tochi Scouts (Frontier Corps)
Irish Guards,
commands= 1st Western Tribal Legion
3rd Bn. 6th Rajputana Rifles
1st Bn. York and Lancaster Regiment
battles=Norwegian Campaign
Burma Campaign
awards=Distinguished Service Order
Military Cross and Bar
Mentioned in Dispatches
relations=
laterwork= Restoration, travel writer

John Hume Prendergast was a British Indian Army and later British Army officer who was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, and the Military Cross and Bar.

Early life

John Hume Prendergast was born in Lahore in 1910, the son of Major-General Charles Gordon Prendergast, he was educated at Victoria College, Jerseyciteweb|title=Obituary in "The Times", February 2008|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3856880.ece] and was commissioned into the Royal Sussex Regiment as a supplementary reserve officer with the rank of second lieutenant with effect from 25 December 1929, when he was described in the "London Gazette" as "John Hume Prendergast; (late Cadet Corpl., Victoria Coll. Contgt., Jun. Div., O. T. C.)" [LondonGazette |issue=33563 |date=24 December 1929 |startpage=8383|accessdate=2008-08-04] In 1931, he returned to India and in November 1931 was transferred as a second lieutenant to the Unattached List for the Indian Army. [LondonGazette |issue=33772 |date=17 November 1931 |startpage=7412|accessdate=2008-08-04] He later joined the 15th Punjab Regiment, serving with them on the North West Frontier, and was also seconded to the North Waziristan Armed Police the Tochi Scouts. It was while he was a Lieutenant of the 15th Punjab Regiment attached to the Tochi Scouts that he was awarded his first Military Cross, in 1937. The citation read; "while commanding the advance guard of a regular force column on the frontier. When Pathans attacked from a flanking hillside, he was ordered to clear the way. With sound use of fire and movement, skills in which the Pathan were also adept, he dislodged the enemy." [LondonGazette |issue=34426 |date=13 August 1937 |startpage=5177|accessdate=2008-08-04]

World War II

Norwegian Campaign

During World War II Prendergast was flown home in the spring of 1940 to join the Anglo-French landings in Norway as he was an expert in mountain warfare after his time of the North West Frontier. The German Army was already deployed when he arrived and withinn hours of arrival, he was awarded a Bar to his Military Cross." Although a mountain warfare adviser to 2nd Battalion Scots Guards, he was in command of a mixed force of British troops and Norwegian reservists at Mosjøen, on the northwest coast. With a line of withdrawal to be kept secure he fought a brisk defensive action, killing 50 of the enemy, before bringing his force to safety with the loss of only one man."

India and Burma

After the withdrawal of the Anglo-French force from Norway, he returned to India and was the mountain warfare instructor at the Infantry School, in Poona. He remained here until 1941 when he was ordered to raise a battalion-sized force to defend the Indian naval base south of Calcutta. He was the appointed as the Second in Command of the 1/15th Punjabis in the 14th Indian Infantry Division and saw action in the first,Arakan campaign of 1942-43 against the Japanese, 55th Division.After being withdrawn due to illness he rejoined the battalion in time for its advance with the 19th Indian Infantry Division across the Chindwin into the Shwebo plain and the advance on Mandalay.He was then appointed to command the 3rd Btn 6th Rajputana Rifles,of the 19th Indian Infantry Division, in early 1945, he was in command during the final stages of the Burma campaign and the capture of Rangoon.

He was awarded the DSO in the Karen hills east of Toungoo in central Burma, while commanding his battalion in the fight to halt a Japanese counter-attack astride the Mawchi road which was attempting to the Fourteenth Army’s line of communication.He was also mentioned in dispatches for his part in mopping-up operations after the Japanese surrender in August 1945.

Post War

After the independence and Partition of India in 1947, Prendergast transferred from the Indian Army and received a British Army commission into the York and Lancaster Regiment in 1948. He was next appointed as the British defence attaché in Kabul due to his knowledge of the region, with the local rank of colonel.

In 1950 he reverted to the rank of major to join the 1st York and Lancasters in Brunswick, Germany and in 1951 was appointed to command the battalion, which at the time was part of a lorried infantry brigade in an armoured division.In 1952, he was promoted colonel again for a staff appointment at HQ 1st British Corps in Germany.His final appointment in the army was commander of the 147th Brigade of the Territorial Army based in Leicester.

Civilian life

In retirement he travelled widely and published the books, "The Road to India", a guide to motoring in the sub-continent, "A Plume of Dust", about travel in Central Europe, and a light-hearted autobiography, "Prender’s Progress".

Promotions

*2nd Lieutenant 15.11.1931
*Captain 15.11.1939
*A/Major 14.10.1940 - 13.01.1941
*T/Major 14.01.1941 - 06.08.1941, 27.08.1941 , 28.03.1942 , 06.07.1942 - (01.1946)
*A/Lieutenant Colonel 03.06.1941 - 06.07.1941 , 06.04.1942 - (01.1946)
*Colonel 23.07.1957 (retd 20.09.1960)
*Hon. Brigadier 20.08.1960 [cite web|title=unithistories|url=http://www.unithistories.com/officers/IndianArmy_officers_P01.html]

Awards

* DSO - 06.06.1946
* MC - 13.08.1937. NW Frontier of India
* MC - 06.08.1940
*MID - 09.05.1946 [cite web|title=unithistories|url=http://www.unithistories.com/officers/IndianArmy_officers_P01.html]

References

* [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2008/03/03/db0301.xml Daily Telegraph obituary]