Benjamin Carr

Benjamin Carr (September 12, 1768 – May 24, 1831) was an American composer, singer, teacher, and music publisher. Born in London, he studied organ with Charles Wesley and composition with Samuel Arnold. In 1793 he traveled to Philadelphia with a stage company, and a year later went with the same company to New York, where he stayed until 1797. Later that year he moved to Philadelphia, where he became a prominent member of the city’s musical life. He was "decidedly the most important and prolific music publisher in America during the 1790s (as well as one of its most distinguished composers), conducting, in addition to his Philadelphia business, a New York branch from 1794 to 1797, when it was acquired by James Hewitt" (Wolfe, 1980, p. 43).

He was well-known as a teacher of keyboard and singing, and he served as organist and choirmaster at St Augustine's Catholic Church (1801–31) and at St Peter's Episcopal Church (1816–31). In 1820 he was one of the principal founders of the Musical Fund Society of Philadelphia, and he is known as the "Father of Philadelphia Music" (Smith, 1986, p. 360).

Carr's best known orchestral work was the "Federal Overture" (1794), composed for theatrical audiences. He published many of his own art songs, and was perhaps the first American composer to set a Shakespeare text to music, and his setting of Scott's "Hymn to the Virgin" (1810) is generally considered one of the finest early American songs.

His piano music includes shorter sonatas, rondos and variation forms; much of it was written for pedagogical purposes, although a few works are more technically advanced. He also wrote several important pedagogical works, including the "Lessons and Exercises in Vocal Music" (c.1811) and "The Analytical Instructor for the Piano Forte" (1826).

Benjamin Carr was one of the founding members of The Musical Fund Society [http://phonoarchive.org/grove/Entries/S21550.htm Phono Archive]

Compositions

"printed works published in Philadelphia unless otherwise stated"

Works for the stage
*"Philander and Silvia, or Love Crown'd at Last" (pastoral opera), London, Sadler's Wells, 16 Oct 1792
*"The Caledonian Frolic" (ballet), Philadelphia, New, 26 Feb 1794
*"Irish Lili" (ballet), Philadelphia, New, 9 July 1794
*"Macbeth" (incidental music), New York, 14 Jan 1795
*"Poor Jack" (ballet), New York, 7 April 1795
*"The Archers" (opera, W. Dunlap), New York, John Street, 18 April 1796

Arrangements of English operas with additional music by Carr
*S. Arnold: "The Children in the Wood", Philadelphia, 24 Nov 1794
*C. Dibdin: "The Deserter", New York, 19 May 1795
*Linn: "Bourneville Castle", New York, 16 Jan 1797 [music by Arne]
*Holcroft: "The Spanish Barber", 1800
*Misc. opera arias and incidental music

Songs and misc. vocal works
*"Four Ballads" (W. Shakespeare, J.E. Harwood) (1794)
*"Three Ballads," op.2 (1799)
*"Six Ballads from … The Lady of the Lake" (W. Scott), op.7 (1810)
*"Lessons and Exercises in Vocal Music," op.8 (Baltimore, ?1811)
*"Four Ballads from … Rokeby" (Scott), op.10 (Baltimore, 1813)
*"The History of England," op.11 (Baltimore, ?1814)
*"Musical Bagatelles," op.13 (c1820)
*"Six Canzonets," op.14 (1824)
*numerous single songs

Instrumental works
*"Federal Overture," piano (1794)
*"Six sonatas," piano (1796)
*"Dead March and Monody for General Washington," piano and vocal score (Baltimore, 1799/1800)
*"Three divertimentos," in "Musical Journal for the Piano Forte", i (1800)
*"Voluntary," organ (?1801)
*"The Siege of Tripoli: Historical Naval Sonata," piano, op.4 (1804)
*"Applicazione adolcita," piano, op.6 (1809)
*"Six Progressive Sonatinas," piano, violin/flute ad lib, op.9 (Baltimore, ?1812)
*"The Analytical Instructor," piano, op.15 (1826)
*further single works, including marches, waltzes, variations, etc.

Collections and editions
*"Musical Journal for the Piano Forte" (1800–04) [piano music and songs]
*Masses, Vespers, Litanies, Hymns, Psalms, Anthems & Motets (1805)
*"Carr's Musical Miscellany"
*Occasional Numbers (1812–25) [pf music and songs]
*"A Collection of Chants and Tunes for the Episcopal Churches of Philadelphia" (1816)
*"The Chorister" (1820)
*"Lyricks" (1825)
*"Le clavecin" (1825)
*"Sacred Airs, in Six Numbers" (1830)

External links

* [http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/rbm/keffer/bcarr.html Penn Library Keffer Collection of Sheet Music] University of Pennsylvania article about Benjamin Carr
*

References

*Citation
last = Meyer
first = Eve R., ed.
author-link =
last2 =
first2 =
author2-link =
title = Benjamin Carr: Selected Secular and Sacred Songs
place = Middleton, Wisconsin
publisher = A-R Editions
year = 1986
location =
volume = 15, Recent Researches in American Music
edition =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = 0-89579-204-4
*GroveOnline|Carr, Benjamin|Siek, Stephen|27 February|2008
*Citation
last = Smith
first = Ronnie L.
contribution = Benjamin Carr
year = 1986
title = The New Grove Dictionary of American Music
editor-last = Hitchcock
editor-first = H. Wiley and Stanley Sadie
volume = I
pages = 360-361
place = London
publisher = Macmillan Press
isbn = 0-943818-36-2
*Citation
last = Sonneck
first = Oscar George Theodore
author-link =
last2 =
first2 =
author2-link =
title = A Bibliography of Early Secular American Music (18th Century)
place = Washington, D.C.
publisher = The Library of Congress Music Division
year = 1945
location =
volume =
edition =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn =
*Citation
last = Wolfe
first = Richard J.
author-link =
last2 =
first2 =
author2-link =
title = Early American Music Engraving and Printing: A History of Music Publishing in America from 1787 to 1825 with Commentary on Earlier and Later Pratices
place = Middleton, Wisconsin
publisher = University of Illinois Press
year = 1980
location = Urbana, Illinois
volume =
edition =
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = 0-252-00726-3