Grand-Laviers

French commune|name= Grand-Laviers


x = 132
y = 35
region=Picardie
departement=Somme
arrondissement= Abbeville
canton=Canton d'Abbeville-Nord
insee=80385
cp=80132
maire=M. Jean-Michel Mouret
mandat=2001-2008
intercomm=Communauté de communes de l'Abbevillois
alt moy=7 m
alt mini=2 m
alt maxi=67 m
hectares=950
km²=9,5
sans=372
date-sans=1999
dens=39|

Grand-Laviers is a commune in the Somme "département" in the Picardie region of France.

Geography

Situated on the D40 road, some 3 miles northwest of Abbeville, by the banks of the canalised river Somme. The ancient forests of Abbeville remain as woods on the hills to the west of the village.

History

The Latin names "Latverum" [selon E. Prarond, cf. les réf.] or "Laverum" [selon F. Fossier] appear in the year 881 in the records of the abbey of Saint-Vaast at Amiens. Controversy surrounds the meaning of the name: « lavoir » according to some, « arm of a river » according to others. In 882, when the Normans sacked the abbey at Saint-Quentin, the king Carloman II of France, set up his camp at Laviers to block their passage to the sea.

In the 11th century, a fort comprising a palisade on a motte was built at Laviers, [near the Bois de Bonance,] , on a point jutting out towards the bay.
In 1137, Abbeville’s charter, granted by the Comte de Ponthieu mentioned « Laveriœ »In 1177, Jean de Ponthieu gave money to the leper hospital of the "frères du Val" and the gift of a forest was noted. The clearing of an area of the forest now known as the "Valley of the Lepers", between Laviers and Buigny-Saint-Maclou may have started up as early as 1164.In 1696, the leper hospital was finally closed down.

In 1777, after a branch of the Somme was blocked at Saint-Valéry-sur-Somme, the authorities decided to build a canal from Abbeville to the estuary at Saint Valery. Work began in 1786 but hit problems in 1793 with the installation of the sluice-gates in the muddy sub-strata and above all, the reaction of the local farmers, raising sheep and cattle on the salt-marshes. Work resumed under the orders of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802, who wanted Saint-Valéry-sur-Somme as a war-port. In 1810, Spanish prisoners worked on the terracing and the maritime canal was inaugurated in 1827.
In 1840, Laviers took the name of Grand-Laviers and from 1845 to 1850, the railway line from Abbeville to Étaples was built, a section of the Paris – Boulogne line. The river bed of the Somme was filled and moved to accommodate the construction.
The town was comparatively safe during the First World War, accommodating Indian colonial assistants.
In May 1940, during the Second World War, the town was separated from Abbeville. It was liberated by English troops in August 1944.
In 1953, a primary school was constructed at Grand-Laviers, and the following year, the pupils of the school inherited a castle from the Jusancourt family that now houses an educational medical institute.
On May 2nd 1976, the commune of Petit-Laviers was amalgamated with Grand-Laviers.

Population

Places of interest

* Bonance woods.
* 15th century church
* The ruins of a 13th century chapel which belonged to an old friary hospital.

ee also

Communes of the Somme department

External links

* [http://www.recensement.insee.fr/RP99/rp99/co_navigation.co_page?nivgeo=C&codgeo=80385&theme=ALL&typeprod=ALL&lang=FR&quelcas=LISTE Grand-Laviers on the Insee website] fr
* [http://www.quid.fr/communes.html?mode=query&req=Grand-Laviers Grand-Laviers on the Quid website] fr

Notes

*"This article is based on the equivalent article from the French Wikipedia, consulted on February 19th 2008."