Estonian European Union membership referendum, 2003

Estonian European Union membership referendum, 2003

The 2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum took place on 14 September 2003 to decide whether Estonia should join the European Union (EU). Just over two-thirds of voters voted Yes and Estonia joined the EU on 1 May 2004.

Background

Membership of the European Union was one of the main objectives of Estonian foreign policy since independence in 1991. Estonia was invited to begin negotiations to join the EU in 1997 and was formally invited to join at a summit in Copenhagen in December 2002.cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1107800.stm | title = Timeline: Estonia | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | publisher = "BBC Online"] The Parliament of Estonia then announced that a referendum on membership of the EU would be held in mid September 2003.cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/2587209.stm | title = Stockholm sets euro vote question | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2002-12-18| publisher = "BBC Online"]

Referendum question

The question to be voted on in the referendum was agreed by the Government of Estonia in December 2002.cite web| url = http://breakingnews.iol.ie/news/?c=ireland&jp=idkfcweygb | title = Estonian parliament to hold EU referendum | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2002-12-18| publisher = "Ireland On-Line"] It was:

"Are you in favour of the accession to the European Union and passage of the Act on Amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia?".cite web| url = http://www.vvk.ee/rh03/yldinfo/englinfo.stm | title = EU Referendum 2003: Information | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | publisher = "Estonian National Electoral Committee"]

Campaign

Opinion polls in the first half of 2003 showed only lukewarm support for membership. This persuaded leading politicians including President Arnold Rüütel, Prime Minister Juhan Parts and the Speaker of Parliament Ene Ergma to start campaigning hard for a Yes vote.cite web| url = http://www.balticsww.com/European%20Union%20_%20referendum%20_%20news.html | title = EU Referendum New | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | publisher = "City Paper"]

The economy was one of the main issues used by both sides in the referendum campaign. Supporters of joining the EU said that it would fuel growth and create more jobs, while opponents said that EU entry would slow the growth of the Estonian economy. Opponents also argued that Estonia should not go straight from one union, the Soviet Union, into the EU.cite web| url = http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,967912,00.html | title = Estonians Say “Jah” to the EU | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2003-09-15| publisher = "Deutsche Welle"]

The Yes campaign had strong media, political and financial backing with the Estonian Centre Party being the only leading party against entry into the EU. Posters for the Yes campaign predominated, with one poster handed out by the Res Publica Party calling for Estonians to vote Yes 'for access to millions of sexier men'.cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3107000.stm | title = Estonia expects EU yes vote | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2003-09-14| publisher = "BBC Online"] cite web| url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article1158999.ece | title = Estonia endorses 'sexy men' of EU | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2003-09-15| publisher = "The Times"] As the vote neared polls showed increasing support for the Yes camp with one poll showing 70% support for EU entry.cite web| url = http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_135585.php | title = Estonian support for EU entry rises to 70 percent | accessdate = 2008-02-10 | date = 2003-09-02| publisher = "Gateway To Russia"]

Result

References

External links

* [http://www.vvk.ee/rh03/tulemus/enght.html Full results by county]
* [http://www.vvk.ee/rh03/tulemus/enghaaletus.html Turnout by county]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • European Union — <p></p> <p></p> Introduction ::European Union <p></p> Preliminary statement: <p></p> The evolution of what is today the European Union (EU) from a regional economic agreement among six neighboring… …   The World Factbook

  • Switzerland–European Union relations — Euro Swiss relations European Union …   Wikipedia

  • Enlargement of the European Union — The territories of the member states of the European Union (European Communities pre 1993), animated in order of accession. Territories outside of the European neighbourhood not shown. The Enlargement of the European Union is the process of… …   Wikipedia

  • Motto of the European Union — Motto in the 23 official languages Bulgarian Единни в многообразието Czech Jednota v rozmanitosti Danish Forenet i mangfoldighed Dutch In verscheidenheid verenigd English United in diversity …   Wikipedia

  • European Commission — Bulgarian: Европейска комисия Czech …   Wikipedia

  • Arnold Rüütel — Infobox Officeholder name = Arnold Rüütel imagesize = small caption = order = 3rd President of the Republic of Estonia term start = October 8, 2001 term end = October 9, 2006 vicepresident = viceprimeminister = deputy = president = primeminister …   Wikipedia

  • Dissolution of the Soviet Union — Tanks at Red Square during the 1991 Soviet coup d état attempt Participants People of the Soviet Union Federal government …   Wikipedia

  • History of pan-European liberalism — Pan European liberalism has been a political force since the establishment of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party in 1976.Milestones; 15 December 2005: Leaders and Prime Ministers Meeting in Egmont Palace, Brussels.; 27 October 2005:… …   Wikipedia

  • Soviet Union — USSR and CCCP redirect here. For other uses, see USSR (disambiguation) and CCCP (disambiguation). Soviet redirects here. For the term itself, see Soviet (council). For other uses, see Soviet (disambiguation). Union of Soviet Socialist Republics …   Wikipedia

  • Enlargement of the eurozone — is currently a policy of the European Central Bank, enforced by EU treaties. The first expansion was that of Greece, the currency of which was not irrevocably fixed against the euro until 2001, however, Greece exchanged its physical currency on 1 …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”