- Roskilde (titular see)
Roskilde (Italian Roeskilde, Roschildia) is a Catholic
titular see . The former see, suppressed in the sixteenth century, wasRoskilde inDenmark . [ [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2r52.html Roskilde (Titular See) [Catholic-Hierarchy ] ]History
Roskilde was
suffragan to thearchdiocese of Hamburg , about 991-1104, to thearchdiocese of Lund , 1104-1536. The diocese included the Danish Islands ofZealand andMoen , and the Prussian Island ofRügen (Pomerania).About 960 King
Harold Bluetooth built a wooden church dedicated to the Holy Trinity at his new capital of Roskilde.Godebald (991-1021),Gerbrand (1022- 30), and Aage or Avoco (1030-48) were the first three bishops of Roskilde. Godebald and Gerbrand were both Englishmen.Scania (Sweden) was subject to Roskilde from 991 to 1021, to Lund, 1021- 30, and again to Roskilde from 1030 to 1060, when Scania was divided between the diocese of Lund and the short-lived
diocese of Dalby . Bishop William (1048-76) began, and Bishop Svend Norbagge (1076-88) finished, with the help of KingCanute , the first stone cathedral at Roskilde in 1080. The following year he enlarged the existing monastery ofCanons Regular , and made it into a chapter with fifteenprebendaries . Bishop Svend also completed the foundation of the BenedictineAbbey of Ringsted begun by KingSvend Estridssen . During the episcopate of Arnold (1089-1124) a nobleman namedPeter Bodilsen led a popular movement in Zealand directed against the marriage of the clergy.About this time the skull of
Pope Lucius I (253-55) was brought to Roskilde cathedral, of which he became the patron saint. Thisrelic was given in the twentieth century by the Danish Government to the vicar Apostolic for Denmark. Other prominent bishops wereEskil and the Danish national heroAbsalon . Absalon foundedCopenhagen in 1168, and gave it to the See of Roskilde in 1191.The Island of Rügen was incorporated in the Diocese of Roskilde by papal Bull in 1169. On 25 June, 1170, Valdemar I saw his father St.
Canute Lavard 's relics enshrined and his own son Canute (VI) crowned on the same day in the Abbey of Ringsted. It was the first Danish coronation. In 1171 Bishop Absalon published the Ecclesiastical Laws of Zealand.Peter Sunesen , a formerCanon Regular of St. Augustine , and a pupil of Abbot Stephen ofSaint Genevieve's Abbey , Paris, and of AbbotWilliam of Ebeltoft , succeeded Absalon as Bishop of Roskilde in 1191. He began the present cathedral of Roskilde about 1200, in imitation of thecathedral of Tournai , Belgium, where Abbot Stephen was bishop from 1192 till 1203. Peter Sunesen died in 1214.Bishop
Niels Stigsen (1225-49) turned the canons of the cathedral from regulars into seculars. His successor,Jacob Erlandsen , the great champion of the claims of the Church, as against the State, who was Bishop of Roskilde from 1249 until his transition to Lund in 1254, founded schools for poor boys at Roskilde and at Lund, and greatly favoured theFranciscans . Bishop Olaf I (1301-20) added to Roskilde cathedral thelady-chapel , which was taken down in 1772 in order to make room for the building in which the Danish monarchs are still buried. Bishop Peter (V) Jensen Lodehat, formerlybishop of Vexiö (Sweden) and thenbishop of Aarhus , signalized his translation to the See of Roskilde in 1413 by forcibly removing the body of his benefactress Queen Margaret from Soroe abbey to the cathedral. On Bishop Peter's death in 1416 KingEric of Pomerania took possession of Copenhagen, which henceforward ceased to be episcopal property.Bishop
Jens Andersen (1416-31) refurnished the choir of the cathedral, which however was greatly damaged when most of the town was destroyed by the great fire of 14 May, 1443, during the episcopate ofJens Pedersen (1431-48). Consequently it was not till 1464 that BishopOlaf Mortensen Baden (1461-85) was able to consecrate the restored cathedral and the Chapel of the Three Kings added to it by KingChristian I of Denmark . The same monarch founded theUniversity of Copenhagen in 1479 in virtue of a Bull fromPope Sixtus IV. Bishop Baden was its first chancellor. The last truly Catholic bishop wasLage Urne (1512-29) who, like his predecessors for many generations, was also High Chancellor of Denmark. He managed to keepLutheranism out of the diocese for the most part.His successor Joachim Rönnov, Bishop of Roskilde 1529 to 15 36) had neither received papal confirmation, nor had he been consecrated. All episcopal functions were performed by the Franciscan
Vincent Lange ,titular Bishop of Gardar , Greenland. Although Rönnov made concessions to Lutheranism, he was imprisoned, like the other bishops, in 1536, and, unlike them, kept in prison until his death in theCastle of Copenhagen in 1544. [ [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16071c.htm "Catholic Encyclopedia" article] ]Notes
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.