- Hollandic
Hollandic or Hollandish ( _nl. Hollands) is, together with
Brabantian , the most frequently used dialect of theDutch language . The other important Low Franconian dialects areEast Flemish ,West Flemish andLimburgish .Development
Originally in the later county of
Holland ,Old Frisian was spoken.Low Franconian settlers only came in the12th century and13th century when Flemish settlers (Frankish speaking) played an important part in draining theswamp lands between the coast of Holland and Utrecht. They mixed with the original inhabitants and a Hollandic dialect was created that was partly Franconian, partly Frisian.In the 16th century theDutch language was standardized, the Brabantian Dutch ofAntwerp being the most influential. In that time the written language of the county ofHolland , then the most urbanised province in Europe, imitated this Brabantish standard. During theEighty Years' War and especially after1585 , thesack of Antwerp , and the successes of theDuke of Parma in the 1580s between 100,000 and 200,000 of Brabantish and Flemish Calvinist (and other) refugees and emigrants settled in the cities of Holland proper, which had the result of creating a mixture of their Dutch with the Dutch of the residents before this immigration. This new language perhaps locally destroyed most of the original Hollandic dialects, further diluting the Frisian influences on the Dutch language, and certainly slowed linguistic change through the influence on spoken language of the very conservative written standard.Distance to standard language
As a result the colloquial Dutch in Holland proper (i.e. the area of the old county), spoken in the urban dialects, is today closer to the standard than any Dutch spoken elsewhere; traditionally the Dutch of the urbanity of
Haarlem is seen as the most "pure", though this has no basis in linguistic fact. dubious|date=September 2008 The Dutch in Belgium has diverged more during the last centuries, which is partly because there the Dutch standard language most of the time had no official status between the 17th and 20th century. The language of administration was French.hades of other dialects
In
Friesland there are areas and cities where Hollandic is spoken, strongly influenced by Frisian. In the north ofNorth Holland province (especially West Friesland),Scheveningen ,Katwijk and other coastal places the original Frisiansubstratum of the Hollandic dialect is still an important part of the localWest Frisian dialect group . On theSouth Holland province island ofGoeree-Overflakkee West Flemish is spoken. In the east and south the Hollandic dialects graduate into more Brabantian forms like theSouth Guelderish . Utrechts-Alblasserwaards, spoken in the area immediately east of the coastal districts, is variously considered a subdialect of Hollandic or a separate dialect.List of the subdialects
* Amsterdams
* Bildts, Midslands,Stadsfries , and Amelands
* Kennemerlands
* South Hollandic
* Utrechts-Alblasserwards
* Westhoeks
* West Frisian
* Waterlands and Volendams
*Zaans
* Huizers
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