Robert M. Losey

Infobox Military Person
name=Robert M. Losey
born= birth date|1908|5|27
died= death date and age|1940|4|21|1908|5|27
placeofbirth=Andrew, Iowa
placeofdeath=Dombås, Norway
allegiance= United States of America
branch=United States Army
serviceyears=1929-1940
battles/wars=World War II
rank=CaptainCaptain Robert M. Losey (May 27, 1908 – April 21, 1940), an aeronautical meteorologist, is considered to be the first American military casualty in World War II.J. Michael Cleverley, [http://www.afsa.org/fsj/dec03/cleverley.pdf "'The First American Official Killed In This War,'"] Foreign Service Journal, December 2003 at 66.] While serving as a military attaché prior to America's entry into the war, Losey was killed on April 21, 1940 during a German bombardment in Norway. He had been attempting to complete the evacuation of the American diplomatic legation from Norway to Sweden in the wake of the German invasion.

Personal background

Robert Moffat Losey was born in Andrew, Iowa, on May 27, 1908, to Presbyterian clergyman Leon A. Losey and his wife, Nellie Moore Losey."U.S. Attache Killed by Bomb in Norway," New York Times, 1940-04-23 at 3.] "Nazi Bomb Kills U.S. Official," Iowa City Press-Citizen, 1940-04-22, at 1.] "Iowa Man Killed in Norway," Waterloo Daily Courier, 1940-04-22, at 1.] He graduated from Trenton High School in Trenton, New Jersey, in 1924. [Jon Blackwell, [http://www.capitalcentury.com/1940.html "1940: You're in the Army Now,"] The Trentonian, date of original publication unknown.] He was appointed to the United States Military Academy in West Point in 1925. After graduating among the first 100 members of the West Point Class of 1929, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in field artillery, but transferred one year later to the Air Corps. He received his wings from the Air Corps' Advanced Flying School in San Antonio, Texas, on October 11, 1930. ["Army Air School Gives Wings to 85," New York Times, 1930-10-12.] Losey then earned two masters degrees from the California Institute of Technology, while serving as a meteorologist in California. "Professors described him as 'perhaps the most brilliant student' who ever attended the school."

On April 10, 1933, he was married to Kathryn Leona Gault "Kay" Banta of California. [ [http://www.thienemann-archive.org/getperson.php?personID=I19878&tree=Thienemann Thienemann Geneology Pages - Kathryn Leona Gault "Kay" Banta (1909-1980)] , accessed 2008-07-23.]

Washington D.C.

From August 1937, to January 1940, Losey was on duty in Washington with the office of Training and Operations Section of the office of the Chief of the Air Corps, Maj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold. There, he served as the first Chief of the Weather Section, and was considered "the army's crack aeronautical meteorological expert." ["First American Officer Killed in War, Iowan," Oelwein Daily Register, 1940-04-22, at 1.]

Nordic countries

In February 1940 Losey began serving as the air assistant to the military attaché with the United States Embassy in Finland."Goes to Finland to Watch War," Olean Times-Herald, 1940-01-19, at 1.] News accounts indicated his mission was to report on air developments in the Russo-Finnish War (where the harsh winter conditions provided a special opportunity to observe the interplay between meteorology and military aeronautics). As the German armed forces began their Norwegian Campaign, Losey was directed first to Sweden, then to Norway. After arriving in Norway he immediately became involved in efforts to evacuate the American legation to safety across the Swedish border. The American legation was divided into two parties. The first party, including Losey and Ambassador Florence Jaffray Harriman, reached Sweden safely, but had lost contact with the second party. Losey volunteered to return to Norway in search of the remainder of the American legation.

According to Ambassador Harriman, Losey dissuaded her from accompanying him and Harriman's chauffeur on the rescue effort, and warned her that "you might be bombed," and "the Germans are strafing the roads."Mrs. J. Borden Harriman, "Mission to the North," 204-07 (George Harrap & Co. Ltd - London 1941).] As Harriman later recounted in her book, "Mission to the North", Losey told her that "I certainly don't want to be killed, but your death would be the more serious as it might involve our country in all kinds of trouble, whereas with a military attaché . . . ." Harriman stayed in Sweden.

Seeking out the Americans, Losey and the chauffeur passed through Dombås, a strategic railway intersection, just as a German Luftwaffe bombing began. The two sought refuge in a railway tunnel with others, but once in the tunnel Losey stood where he could observe the bombing. After a bomb fell near the entrance to the tunnel, a fragment of it pierced Losey's heart, killing him.

Several days later, Luftwaffe commander Hermann Göring sent to Major General Arnold a message of regret regarding Losey's death. ["Nazis Regret Losey's Death," Oakland Tribune, 1940-04-26, at D3.]

After the United States entered the war, Hollywood filmmaker Frank Capra included a brief account of Losey's death in "Divide and Conquer", the third episode of his propaganda film series, "Why We Fight," which he produced on behalf of the U.S. Army Signal Corps.

Memorials

The citizens of Dombås erected a monument in Losey’s honor in 1987.

In 1940 the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics established the Robert M. Losey Award in his memory. [http://www.wral.com/weather/blogpost/1102195/ "Memorial Day and Captain Losey,"] WRAL WeatherCenter Blog, May 29, 2006, accessed 2008-01-01.] That honor, known since 1975 as the Losey Atmospheric Sciences Award, is presented in recognition of outstanding contributions to the atmospheric sciences as applied to the advancement of aeronautics and astronautics.

In 1941 the Army Air Corps established Losey Field east of Ponce, Puerto Rico, near the island's southern coast.Paul Freeman, [http://www.airfields-freeman.com/PR/Airfields_PR_W.html "Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Losey Army Airfield."] ] Losey Field became known as Camp Losey when it was turned over to the Army's ground forces in 1944, and Fort Allen when it was turned over to the Army's Caribbean Signal Agency in 1959.

References