WARS (gene)

Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, also known as WARS, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WARS tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7453| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNA(trp) with tryptophan and is induced by interferon. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Four transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WARS tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7453| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Ewalt KL, Schimmel P |title=Activation of angiogenic signaling pathways by two human tRNA synthetases. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=41 |issue= 45 |pages= 13344–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12416978 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, "et al." |title=Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes. |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 960–9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1286667 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bange FC, Flohr T, Buwitt U, Böttger EC |title=An interferon-induced protein with release factor activity is a tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=300 |issue= 2 |pages= 162–6 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1373391 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Buwitt U, Flohr T, Böttger EC |title=Molecular cloning and characterization of an interferon induced human cDNA with sequence homology to a mammalian peptide chain release factor. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=11 |issue= 2 |pages= 489–96 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1537332 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rubin BY, Anderson SL, Xing L, "et al." |title=Interferon induces tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase expression in human fibroblasts. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 36 |pages= 24245–8 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1761529 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Fleckner J, Rasmussen HH, Justesen J |title=Human interferon gamma potently induces the synthesis of a 55-kDa protein (gamma 2) highly homologous to rabbit peptide chain release factor and bovine tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 24 |pages= 11520–4 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1763065 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Frolova LYu , Sudomoina MA, Grigorieva AYu, "et al." |title=Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the structural gene encoding for human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. |journal=Gene |volume=109 |issue= 2 |pages= 291–6 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1765274 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Frolova LY, Grigorieva AY, Sudomoina MA, Kisselev LL |title=The human gene encoding tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase: interferon-response elements and exon-intron organization. |journal=Gene |volume=128 |issue= 2 |pages= 237–45 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7685728 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Popenko VI, Cherny NE, Beresten SF, "et al." |title=Immunoelectron microscopic location of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase in mammalian, prokaryotic and archaebacterial cells. |journal=Eur. J. Cell Biol. |volume=62 |issue= 2 |pages= 248–58 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7925483 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Børglum AD, Flint T, Tommerup N, "et al." |title=Assignment of the human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase gene (WARS) to chromosome 14q32.2 --> q32.32. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=73 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 99–103 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8646895 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sokolova IV, Narovlianskiĭ AN, Amchenkova AM, Turpaev KT |title= [Alternative splicing of 5'-terminal exons of the human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase gene] |journal=Mol. Biol. (Mosk.) |volume=30 |issue= 2 |pages= 319–29 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8724762 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Krause SW, Rehli M, Kreutz M, "et al." |title=Differential screening identifies genetic markers of monocyte to macrophage maturation. |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=60 |issue= 4 |pages= 540–5 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8864140 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yuan W, Collado-Hidalgo A, Yufit T, "et al." |title=Modulation of cellular tryptophan metabolism in human fibroblasts by transforming growth factor-beta: selective inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase gene expression. |journal=J. Cell. Physiol. |volume=177 |issue= 1 |pages= 174–86 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9731757 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199810)177:1<174::AID-JCP18>3.0.CO;2-D |doilabel=10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199810)177:1174::AID-JCP183.0.CO;2-D
*cite journal | author=Jensen LL, Nielsen MM, Justesen J, Hansen LL |title=Assignment of human NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 3 (NDUFB3) and of its four pseudogenes to human chromosomes 2q31.3, 1p13.3-->p13.1, 9q32-->q34.1, 14q22.3-->q23.1 and 14q32.2 by radiation hybrid mapping. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=93 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 147–50 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11474204 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Otani A, Slike BM, Dorrell MI, "et al." |title=A fragment of human TrpRS as a potent antagonist of ocular angiogenesis. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 1 |pages= 178–83 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11773625 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.012601899
*cite journal | author=Wakasugi K, Slike BM, Hood J, "et al." |title=A human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase as a regulator of angiogenesis. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 1 |pages= 173–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11773626 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.012602099
*cite journal | author=Sang Lee J, Gyu Park S, Park H, "et al." |title=Interaction network of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and subunits of elongation factor 1 complex. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=291 |issue= 1 |pages= 158–64 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11829477 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6398
*cite journal | author=Guo Q, Gong Q, Tong KL, "et al." |title=Recognition by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetases of discriminator base on tRNATrp from three biological domains. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 16 |pages= 14343–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11834741 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M111745200
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899

PBB_Controls
update_page = yes
require_manual_inspection = no
update_protein_box = yes
update_summary = yes
update_citations = yes