PRKAR2B

Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta, also known as PRKAR2B, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAR2B protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5577| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
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summary_text = cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), which transduces the signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive holoenzyme of AMPK is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits of AMPK have been identified in humans. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the regulatory subunits. This subunit can be phosphorylated by the activated catalytic subunit. This subunit has been shown to interact with and suppress the transcriptional activity of the cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) in activated T cells. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this subunit may play an important role in regulating energy balance and adiposity. The studies also suggest that this subunit may mediate the gene induction and cataleptic behavior induced by haloperidol.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAR2B protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5577| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Harrich D, McMillan N, Munoz L, "et al." |title=Will diverse Tat interactions lead to novel antiretroviral drug targets? |journal=Current drug targets |volume=7 |issue= 12 |pages= 1595–606 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17168834 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Luo Z, Singh IS, Fujihira T, Erlichman J |title=Characterization of a minimal promoter element required for transcription of the mouse type II beta regulatory subunit (RII beta) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 34 |pages= 24738–47 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1332964 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Solberg R, Sistonen P, Träskelin AL, "et al." |title=Mapping of the regulatory subunits RI beta and RII beta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase genes on human chromosome 7. |journal=Genomics |volume=14 |issue= 1 |pages= 63–9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1358799 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rios RM, Celati C, Lohmann SM, "et al." |title=Identification of a high affinity binding protein for the regulatory subunit RII beta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in Golgi enriched membranes of human lymphoblasts. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=11 |issue= 5 |pages= 1723–31 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1582408 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tortora G, Clair T, Cho-Chung YS |title=An antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the type II beta regulatory subunit mRNA of protein kinase inhibits cAMP-induced differentiation in HL-60 leukemia cells without affecting phorbol ester effects. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue= 2 |pages= 705–8 |year= 1990 |pmid= 1689049 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL, "et al." |title=HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=145 |issue= 11 |pages= 3699–705 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1978848 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Levy FO, Oyen O, Sandberg M, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid structure and predicted full-length amino acid sequence of the hormone-inducible regulatory subunit of 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase from human testis. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=2 |issue= 12 |pages= 1364–73 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2851102 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Scambler P, Oyen O, Wainwright B, "et al." |title=Exclusion of catalytic and regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase as candidate genes for the defect causing cystic fibrosis. |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=41 |issue= 5 |pages= 925–32 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3479018 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Wainwright B, Lench N, Davies K, "et al." |title=A human regulatory subunit of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase localized by its linkage relationship to several cloned chromosome 7q markers. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=45 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 237–9 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3691190 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Budillon A, Cereseto A, Kondrashin A, "et al." |title=Point mutation of the autophosphorylation site or in the nuclear location signal causes protein kinase A RII beta regulatory subunit to lose its ability to revert transformed fibroblasts. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=92 |issue= 23 |pages= 10634–8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7479855 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, "et al." |title=Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 14 |pages= 6676–80 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7688126 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Berg JP, Ree AH, Sandvik JA, "et al." |title=1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 alters the effect of cAMP in thyroid cells by increasing the regulatory subunit type II beta of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 51 |pages= 32233–8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7798223 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Li Y, Rubin CS |title=Mutagenesis of the regulatory subunit (RII beta) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase II beta reveals hydrophobic amino acids that are essential for RII beta dimerization and/or anchoring RII beta to the cytoskeleton. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 4 |pages= 1935–44 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7829531 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J, "et al." |title=HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro. |journal=AIDS |volume=8 |issue= 7 |pages= 1016–7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7946090 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Glantz SB, Li Y, Rubin CS |title=Characterization of distinct tethering and intracellular targeting domains in AKAP75, a protein that links cAMP-dependent protein kinase II beta to the cytoskeleton. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=268 |issue= 17 |pages= 12796–804 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8509414 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Keryer G, Luo Z, Cavadore JC, "et al." |title=Phosphorylation of the regulatory subunit of type II beta cAMP-dependent protein kinase by cyclin B/p34cdc2 kinase impairs its binding to microtubule-associated protein 2. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 12 |pages= 5418–22 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8516283 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D, "et al." |title=The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=71 |issue= 6 |pages= 4372–7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9151826 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A |title=The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 36 |pages= 22385–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9278385 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Huang LJ, Durick K, Weiner JA, "et al." |title=D-AKAP2, a novel protein kinase A anchoring protein with a putative RGS domain. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=94 |issue= 21 |pages= 11184–9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9326583 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P, "et al." |title=Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 825–33 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9671211 |doi=

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