PSMC4

Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 4, also known as PSMC4, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMC4 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5704| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases which have a chaperone-like activity. This subunit has been shown to interact with an orphan member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily highly expressed in liver, and with gankyrin, a liver oncoprotein. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMC4 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5704| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Goff SP |title=Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1. |journal=Cell |volume=114 |issue= 3 |pages= 281–3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12914693 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nelbock P, Dillon PJ, Perkins A, Rosen CA |title=A cDNA for a protein that interacts with the human immunodeficiency virus Tat transactivator. |journal=Science |volume=248 |issue= 4963 |pages= 1650–3 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2194290 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dubiel W, Ferrell K, Rechsteiner M |title=Tat-binding protein 7 is a subunit of the 26S protease. |journal=Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler |volume=375 |issue= 4 |pages= 237–40 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8060531 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Matoba R, Okubo K, Hori N, "et al." |title=The addition of 5'-coding information to a 3'-directed cDNA library improves analysis of gene expression. |journal=Gene |volume=146 |issue= 2 |pages= 199–207 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8076819 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Shaw DR, Ennis HL |title=Molecular cloning and developmental regulation of Dictyostelium discoideum homologues of the human and yeast HIV1 Tat-binding protein. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=193 |issue= 3 |pages= 1291–6 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8323548 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1765
*cite journal | author=Ohana B, Moore PA, Ruben SM, "et al." |title=The type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Tat binding protein is a transcriptional activator belonging to an additional family of evolutionarily conserved genes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 1 |pages= 138–42 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8419915 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dubiel W, Ferrell K, Rechsteiner M |title=Peptide sequencing identifies MSS1, a modulator of HIV Tat-mediated transactivation, as subunit 7 of the 26 S protease. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=323 |issue= 3 |pages= 276–8 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8500623 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Choi HS, Seol W, Moore DD |title=A component of the 26S proteasome binds on orphan member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. |journal=J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. |volume=56 |issue= 1-6 Spec No |pages= 23–30 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8603043 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Seeger M, Ferrell K, Frank R, Dubiel W |title=HIV-1 tat inhibits the 20 S proteasome and its 11 S regulator-mediated activation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 13 |pages= 8145–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9079628 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tanahashi N, Suzuki M, Fujiwara T, "et al." |title=Chromosomal localization and immunological analysis of a family of human 26S proteasomal ATPases. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=243 |issue= 1 |pages= 229–32 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9473509 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nakamura T, Tanaka T, Takagi H, Sato M |title=Cloning and heterogeneous in vivo expression of Tat binding protein-1 (TBP-1) in the mouse. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1399 |issue= 1 |pages= 93–100 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9714759 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Madani N, Kabat D |title=An endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphocytes is overcome by the viral Vif protein. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=72 |issue= 12 |pages= 10251–5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9811770 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Simon JH, Gaddis NC, Fouchier RA, Malim MH |title=Evidence for a newly discovered cellular anti-HIV-1 phenotype. |journal=Nat. Med. |volume=4 |issue= 12 |pages= 1397–400 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9846577 |doi= 10.1038/3987
*cite journal | author=Mulder LC, Muesing MA |title=Degradation of HIV-1 integrase by the N-end rule pathway. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 38 |pages= 29749–53 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10893419 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004670200
*cite journal | author=Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, "et al." |title=Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 10 |pages= 1546–60 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11042152 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hartmann-Petersen R, Tanaka K, Hendil KB |title=Quaternary structure of the ATPase complex of human 26S proteasomes determined by chemical cross-linking. |journal=Arch. Biochem. Biophys. |volume=386 |issue= 1 |pages= 89–94 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11361004 |doi= 10.1006/abbi.2000.2178
*cite journal | author=Ishizuka T, Satoh T, Monden T, "et al." |title=Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat binding protein-1 is a transcriptional coactivator specific for TR. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=15 |issue= 8 |pages= 1329–43 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11463857 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dawson S, Apcher S, Mee M, "et al." |title=Gankyrin is an ankyrin-repeat oncoprotein that interacts with CDK4 kinase and the S6 ATPase of the 26 S proteasome. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 13 |pages= 10893–902 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11779854 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M107313200
*cite journal | author=Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH |title=Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. |journal=Nature |volume=418 |issue= 6898 |pages= 646–50 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12167863 |doi= 10.1038/nature00939
*cite journal | author=Huang X, Seifert U, Salzmann U, "et al." |title=The RTP site shared by the HIV-1 Tat protein and the 11S regulator subunit alpha is crucial for their effects on proteasome function including antigen processing. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=323 |issue= 4 |pages= 771–82 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12419264 |doi=

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