Caryophyllineae

Taxobox


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regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Caryophyllales
subordo = Caryophyllineae

Caryophyllales is a suborder of flowering plants.

ystematics

Caryophyllales is separated into 2 sub-orders: Caryophyllineae and Polygonineae. This sub-order contains 21 families and 8,600 species and major families include Aizoaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Petiveriaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Amaranthaceae, Cactaceae, and Portulaceae. Judd et al (2008). Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, Third Edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, MAM]

The core Caryophyllineae sub-order is well-supported with numerous distinctive synapomorphies, such as: 1) sieve tubes of phloem with plastids with peripheral ring of proteinaceous filaments (often with a central protein crystal), 2) presence of betalains, 3) loss of the rpl2 intron in cpDNA, 4) single whorl of tepals, 5) pollen with spinulose and tubiliferous/punctuate exine, 6) placentation free-central to basal, curved embryo, and 7) presence of perisperm with endosperm scanty or lacking

References