Pancho Vladigerov

Pancho Haralanov Vladigerov (or Wladigeroff, or Vladiguerov, or Vladigueroff _bg. Панчо Хараланов Владигеров) (March 13, 1899, Zürich, Switzerland – September 8, 1978, Sofia, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian composer, pedagogue, and pianist.

Vladigerov is arguably the most influential Bulgarian composer of all time. He was one of the first to successfully combine idioms of Bulgarian folk music and the West European art music tradition. Part of the so-called second generation of Bulgarian composers, he was among the founding members of the Bulgarian Contemporary Music Society (1933), which later became the [http://www.ubc-bg.com Union of Bulgarian Composers] . Vladigerov marked the beginning of a number of genres in Bulgarian music, such as the violin sonata and the piano trio among others. He was also a very respected pedagogue; his students include practically all notable Bulgarian composers of the next generation, as well as the famous pianist Alexis Weissenberg.

Vladigerov was born in Switzerland, but lived in Shumen. His mother Dr. Eliza Pasternak was a Russian Jew and a relative of the famous writer Boris Pasternak. His father Dr. Haralan Vladigerov was a Bulgarian lawyer. Pancho Vladigerov played the piano and composed since early age. In 1910, two years after his father's early death, Vladigerov and the rest of his family moved to Sofia where Pancho started studying composition with Dobri Hristov, the most distinguished Bulgarian composer of his generation.

In 1912 Vladigerov's mother managed to obtain a governmental scholarship for her children to study in Berlin where Pancho and his twin brother, the violinist Luben Vladigerov, were enrolled at the Staatliche Akademische Hochschule für Musik. Pancho Vladigerov studied music theory and composition with Paul Juoncite web|title=Publication of Preface to Score of Vladigerov's 1st Violin Concerto|url=http://musikmph.de/musical_scores/prefaces/S-Z/vladigerov_violin1.html|last=Schlüren|first=Christoph|year=2004|publisher=Musikproduktion Juergen Hoeflich|accessdate=2007-12-11] and piano with H. Barth. In 1920 he graduated from the Akademie der Künste having studied composition with Friedrich Gernsheim and Georg Schumann. He twice won the Mendelssohn Prize of the Academy (in 1918 and 1920).

After his graduation Vladigerov became music director at Deutsches Theater in Berlin and worked with the famous theatre director Max Reinhardt. In 1932, after much hesitation, he decided to return to Sofia where he was appointed professor in Piano, Chamber Music and Composition at the State Academy of Music, which is now named after him.

Vladigerov composed in a variety of genres including an opera ("Tsar Kaloyan", to a libretto by Nikolai Liliev and Fani Popova-Mutafova) [cite web|title=Vladigerov Biography Page|publisher=Bulgarian Operas: Course Material at University of Pittsburgh Center for International Studies|url=http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/opera/BULGOP/comp/vladig.htm|month=April | year=2005|accessdate=2007-12-11] , ballet, symphony music, five piano concertos, two violin concertos, chamber music including string quartet, trio (violin, cello & piano), works and transcriptions for violin & piano and numerpus opuses for [http://www.editionelm.org/cat_e.htm#piano solo piano] , 38 transcriptions of instrumental pieces for instrument and piano, 13 late transcriptions of his earlier [http://www.editionelm.org/cat_e.htm#two_pianos works for two pianos] , fifty folksong concert arrangements for voice and piano/orchestra, 20 songs for voice and piano, ten choral songs with piano/orchestral, music for the theatre performances of the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, the Theater in der Josefstadt in Vienna, and the National Theatre in Sofia.

Vladigerov gained considerable fame in Europe in the 1920s when many of his pieces were published by Universal Edition in Vienna and released on LPs by the German recording company Deutsche Grammophon before being performed throughout Europe and the USA. As pianist and composer he toured most of the European countries performing mainly his own works. In 1969 he was awarded the Herder Prize by the University of Vienna. The Bulgarian recording company Balkanton released an edition of his stage and symphony music in four sets of seven LPs each; however, very small portion of his works is currently available on CDs.

Vladigerov’s music has been admired by such diverse personalities as Richard Strauss, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Aram Khachaturian. It has been occasionally performed by famous artists such as Alexis Weissenberg, David Oistrach, Emil Gilels and, most recently, Marc-Andre Hamelin; however, he still remains largely unknown name except in his home country.

Vladigerov’s most performed and emblematic work is unquestionably “Vardar Rhapsody”, also known as "Bulgarian Rhapsody". Originally written for violin and piano, it was later orchestrated and arranged for various instruments. A fiery patriotic work, it has become, in the words of an admiring critic “the Bulgarian equivalent of Chopin’s polonaise in A Major.”

Vladigerov's house in Sofia (at no. 10, Yakubitsa) has been transformed into a museum [http://www.vladigerov.org/index.php?p=8 The House Museum in Sofia] . His son Alexander Vladigerov (1933–1993) and grandchildren Pancho Vladigerov Jr., Alexander Wladigeroff, and Konstantin Wladigeroff have become respected musicians in their own right.

An international music competition held in Shumen since 1986 is named after Vladigerov. In the autumn of 2006 Pancho Vladigerov Jr. founded [http://www.vladigerov.org/ The Intellectual Legacy of Pancho Vladigerov Foundation] . Its main aim is to preserve, protect and popularise Pancho Vladigerov’s tangible and intangible heritage.

References

*Pavlov — Klosterman, Evgeni. 2000. "Pancho Vladigerov." Sofia: Muzika

External links

* [http://www.editionelm.eu/pantcho_e.htm#spelling Pantcho, Pantscho or Pancho - spelling suggestions invoked out of his archives.]
* [http://www.tsanoff-classic.com/TheGreatestBulgarians/PanchoVladigeroff IN MEMORIAM of Maestro Pancho Vladigeroff]
* [http://www.ubc-bg.com A biography of Pancho Vladigerov (including work list and selected bibliography) at the Union of Bulgarian Composers website]

Recent Recordings

*Colours of Bulgaria: Piano Pieces by Pancho Vladigerov - Dimiter Terziev, Arktos Recordings 2000, MP3 Version 2008
*Pancho Vladigerov: Bulgarian Rhapsody Vardar, Traumspielsuite, Bulgarian Dances - Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, Horia Andreescu,Classic Produktion Osnabrück [CPO] Records 2007
*Pancho Vladigerov: Chamber Music - Rudolf Leopold, Endre Hegedus, Katalin Hegedus, Raluca Stirbat, Édua Amarilla Zádory, Hungaroton 2006
*Bulgarian Impressions: Vladigerov - Complete Works for Piano Duo - Genova/Dimitrov, CPO Records 2000
*Pancho Vladigerov: Compositions - Bulgarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, Alexander Vladigerov, Gega Records 1999
*The Legacy of Pantcho Vladigerov - Krassimira Jordan, pianist, Albany Records 1998