- Treaty 5
Treaty 5 is a
treaty that was first established in September, 1875, between Queen Victoria andSaulteaux and SwampyCree non-treaty tribes and peoples aroundLake Winnipeg in the part of theNorth-West Territories known asRupert's Land . [A written text is included inAlexander Morris , "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians", Belfords , Clarke & Co., Toronto (1880); see also http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/trts/trty5_e.html, accessed August 14, 2008.] Much of what is today central and northernManitoba was covered by the treaty, as were a few small adjoining portions of the present-day provinces ofSaskatchewan andOntario . The Treaty was completed in two rounds. The first was from September 1875 to September 1876. The Crown intended in 1875 to include only "the Indians [east and west] of Lake Winnipeg for the surrender of the Territory uncovered by previous treaties" including "the proposed migration [Manitoba Free Press , Winnipeg, Letter to the Editor, Thursday, March 27, 1875, p.5.] of the Norway House band". [Kenneth S. Coates & William R. Morrison, "Treaty Research Report: Treaty 5 (1875)", Treaties and Historical Research Centre,Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (1986), pp. 10-13.] Pimicikamak territory was north of the lake. It was included by accident or design ofTepastenam attending the Norway House signing. [The Privy Council adopted a recommendation from the Department of the Interior that excluded Pimicikamak from the Commissioners' authority to treat; LAC, Privy Council Office: Treaty with Indians on either side of Lake Winnipeg - Interior 2 July - Expediency of negotiating; Order-in-Council Number 1875-0707, Date Approved: 1875/07/09, ref. RG2, Privy Council Office, Ser. A-1-a.] Additional peoples and groups signed on between 1908 and 1910.Timeline
*
20 September 1875 : signing of Treaty 5 atBeren's River, Manitoba
*24 September 1875 : signing of Treaty 5 by Norway House [Most of the Norway House residents moved in 1876 toFisher River ; see Alexander Morris, "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians", Belfords , Clarke & Co., Toronto (1880).] andPimicikamak peoples [The Pimicikamak people were allotted a reserve at Cross Lake; see Dispatch of Lieut.-Gov. of N.W.T. to the Minister of the Interior, October 11, 1875, in Alexander Morris, "The Treaties of Canada with the Indians".] atNorway House, Manitoba
*27 September 1875 : Grand Rapids signing
*28 September 1875 : signing by Wa-Pang or Dog-Head Island community, to be included with the reservation assigned for the Norway House community
*26 July 1876 : Big Island signing at Wa-Pang/Dog-Head Island
*4 August 1876 : signing by Grand Rapids tribes at Beren's River
*7 September 1876 : signing by Black River Saulteaux band, signed in Winnipeg
*7 September 1876 : The Pas signing by tribes in that region
*26 June 1908 : Split Lake adhesion signing
*8 July 1908 : Norway House adhesion signing
*15 July 1908 : Cross Lake adhesion signing
*30 July 1908 : Nelson House adhesion signing
*24 August 1908 : Fisher River adhesion signing
*29 July 1909 : Oxford House adhesion signing
*6 August 1909 : God's Lake adhesion signing
*13 August 1909 : Island Lake adhesion signing
*9 June 1910 : Deer's Lake East adhesion signing
*10 August 1910 : York Factory adhesion signingNotes
List of Treaty 5 First Nations / Peoples
*Manitoba
**Berens River First Nation
**Bloodvein First Nation
**Bunibonibee Cree First Nation
**Chemawawin Cree First Nation
**Fisher River Cree Nation
**Fox Lake First Nation
**Garden Hill First Nations
**God's Lake First Nation
**Grand Rapids First Nation
**Hollow Water First Nation
**Kinonjeoshtegon First Nation
**Black River First Nation
**Little Grand Rapids First Nation
**Manto Sipi Cree First Nation
**Mosakahiken Cree First Nation
**Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation
**Norway House Cree Nation
**Opaskwayak Cree Nation
**Pauingassi First Nation
**Pimicikamak
**Poplar River First Nation
**Red Sucker Lake First Nation
**St. Theresa Point First Nation
**Sayisi Dene First Nation
**Shamattawa First Nation
**Tataskweyak Cree Nation
**War Lake First Nation
**Wasagamack First Nation
**York Factory First Nation
*Ontario
**Deer Lake First Nation
**North Spirit Lake First Nation
**Pikangikum First Nation
**Poplar Hill First Nation
**Sandy Lake First Nation *Saskatchewan
**Cumberland House Cree First Nation
**Red Earth First Nation
**Shoal Lake of the Cree First Nation ee also
*
The Canadian Crown and First Nations, Inuit and Métis
*Nishnawbe Aski Nation
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.