Spanish Courts for Violence against Women

The Courts for violence against women (es:"Juzgados de Violencia Sobre la Mujer") are Specialised criminal courtrooms associated to the Inquiry Courts, established by the Organic Law 1/2004 of Comprehensive Protection Meassures against Violence against women. Extraordinarily this courts have also powers in the civil jurisdiction acting as Courts of First Instance and Inquiry. They are associated to the Judicial District, even though one court can be created to cover the area of two or more districts.

Powers

The Courts for Violence Against Women have the power to inquire on the following crimes:

*Homicide(Manslaughter or Murder), Abortion, Battery, Harm to the Foetus, Crimes Against Freedom, Crimes against Moral Integrity, Sexual Crimes or any other crime committed by the present of past spouse or significant other, independently of living together, as well as against minor and unable that are under the legal custody or care of the offender.

*On crimes against family obligations when the victim is one of the mentioned before

To rule on the following cases:

*Misdemeanor, when the victim is one of the before mentioned.

And to establish any legal measures necessary to protect the victims.

In the Civil jurisdiction, and as long the process is due to the initiation of a criminal process in this courts, the courts have the power to know in the business related to family law

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Staff associated with this Court are given special training in relation to gender violence due to the trauma suffered by victims, and the existence of emotional links with the offender. Additionally, the Courts are usually assisted by psychologists and social assistants.

Criticism and Support

The creation of this court, founded and strongly supported by Women's institutions, has generated quite a range of criticism within Spanish society.

A non-binding legal report by the General Council of the Judicary (CGPJ), considered that the law on which the court is based violated the principle of equality as established in the Constitution [ [http://www.information-point.com/CGPJ%20Informed%20re%201-2004%203462_012_2_1.pdf Report of the CGPJ] ] . Many associations, like the Conservative the Professional Association of Magistrates (APM) or divorced fathers groups [es [http://ayudaafamiliasseparadas.fiestras.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=R&c=Articulo&cid=1139357823332&pubid=988617426871 El Anunciado Fracaso de la Ley de Genero] at Galcian Association of Divorced Parents.] [es [http://www.projusticia.es/ley%20integral%20de%20violencia%20de%20genero/ley%20integral%20contra%20la%20violencia%20de%20genero.htmStatement against the law by Association "Projusticia"] ] are opposed to the courts. As to March 2008, over 200 Spanish Judges have challenged the constitutionality of the law at the Constitutional Court via the constitutionality question procedure [ [http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=2004/21760&cod
] ] . [es [http://www.e-leusis.net/noticiahistorico.asp?id_noticia=2411 El Constitucional acepta la cuestión contra la ley de violencia machista] , at El País 10/Feb/2006]

The law was founded and has extensive support of feminist organizations and specialised jurists, that believe it to be a necessary step in their goal of "eradicating" gender violence against women in Spain, however official figures from the National Institute of Statistics [http://www.ine.es] show that deaths have steadily increased since the start of the campaign. [ [http://www.redfeminista.org/laley.asp Report by Red Feminista] ] [ [http://www.comunica-accion.org/article.php?id_article=65 Communication of the Palencia Platform for Women's Rights] ] .

In May 2008 the Constitutional Court ruled the constitutionality of the Organic Law for the Prevention of Violence Against Women, discarding any legal criticism of the law. [es [http://actualidad.terra.es/nacional/articulo/tc_ley_violencia_genero_2473497.htm Las claves de la decisión del TC sobre la Ley contra la Violencia de Género] in terra.es]

References

ee also

Violence against women

Domestic violence

Spanish Judiciary

External links

* [http://www.redfeminista.org/nueva/uploads/Organic%20ACT%201-2004.pdf Text of law 1/2004 in English]