Carlos Marighella

Carlos Marighella

Infobox revolution biography
name = Carlos Marighella
lived = December 5, 1911 – November 4, 1969
dateofbirth = birth date|1911|12|5|mf=y
placeofbirth = Salvador, Brazil
dateofdeath = death date and age|1969|11|4|1911|12|5|mf=y
placeofdeath = São Paulo, Brazil


caption =
alternate name =
movement =
organizations = Ação Libertadora Nacional

Carlos Marighella (5 December, 1911 – 4 November, 1969), was a Brazilian guerrilla revolutionary and Marxist writer. Marighella's most famous contribution to guerrilla literature was the "Minimanual Of The Urban Guerrilla", consisting of advice on how to disrupt and overthrow authority with an aim to revolution. He also wrote "For the Liberation of Brazil". The theories laid out in both books have greatly influenced modern ideological activism. Unlike Che Guevara who proposed guerrilla activity taking shape in the villages, Marighela's theories on urban guerrilla warfare envisaged cities as the spring of rebellion.

Marighella was born in Salvador, Bahia, to Italian immigrants of humble status. Before his advocacy and participation in guerrilla warfare he worked both as a Brazilian legislator, and as a leader of the nationalist Communist party, ultimately joining its executive committee. Marighella was imprisoned in 1932 and again from 1939 to 1942. He was expelled from the Communist party following his harsh criticism aimed against the reformist policies and also due to his affiliation with Castro's Cuba. He played a crucial role in the formation of ALN, a hardline revolutionary group which aimed to attack the military dictatorship and counter the state terrorism through revolutionary means. His participation in robberies and kidnappings ultimately provoked the state authoritiescite book
last = Holmes
first = Richard
authorlink =
coauthors = Hugh Biceno et al.
title = Oxford Companion to Military History
publisher = Oxford University Press
date = 2001
location =
pages = 549
url =
doi =
id =
isbn = 0198606966] and he was shot by police in an ambush at 8pm on 4 November, 1969 at number 800, Alameda Casa Branca, São Paulo.

References

External links

* [http://www.carlos.marighella.nom.br/vida.htm Biography] pt icon
* [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marighella-carlos/1969/06/minimanual-urban-guerrilla/index.htm Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla]


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