Tommy Bridges

Infobox MLB retired
name=Tommy Bridges

---

width=220px
position=Pitcher
bats=Right
throws=Right
birthdate=birth date|1906|12|28
city-state|Gordonsville|Tennessee
deathdate=death date and age|1968|4|19|1906|12|28
city-state|Nashville|Tennessee
debutdate=August 13
debutyear=by|1930
debutteam=Detroit Tigers
finaldate=July 20
finalyear=by|1946
finalteam=Detroit Tigers
stat1label=Win-Loss record
stat1value=194-138
stat2label=Earned run average
stat2value=3.57
stat3label=Strikeouts
stat3value=1,674
teams=
* Detroit Tigers (by|1930-by|1946)
highlights=
* 6x All-Star selection (1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940)
* 2x World Series champion (1935, 1945)

Thomas Jefferson Davis Bridges (December 28, 1906 – April 19, 1968) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who played his entire career with the Detroit Tigers from 1930 to 1946. During the 1930s he used an outstanding curveball to become one of the mainstays of the team's pitching staff, winning 20 games in three consecutive seasons and helping the team to its first World Series championship with two victories in the 1935 Series. He retired with 1674 career strikeouts, then the eighth highest total in American League history, and held the Tigers franchise record for career strikeouts from 1941 to 1951.

Early Years and Near No-Hitters

Born in Gordonsville, Tennessee, Bridges attended the University of Tennessee, and after having a 20-strikeout game for the minor league Wheeling Stogies in 1929, he joined the Tigers in 1930 with an auspicious debut, inducing Babe Ruth to ground out on his first major league pitch.

On August 5, by|1932, he came within one out of throwing a perfect game. With two outs in the 9th inning, and the Washington Senators trailing 13-0, the Senators' pitcher was due to bat. Instead, Washington manager Walter Johnson (who had never pitched a perfect game) sent pinch hitter Dave Harris to bat. Harris led the AL that season with 14 pinch hits. Harris hit a single to break up the perfect game. Washington still lost by 13 runs, but Johnson had broken up Bridges' perfect game. [http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/B/Bridges_Tommy.stm]

Bridges had another 1-hitter against the Washington Senators the following year, on May 24, by|1933. On September 24, 1933, Bridges reached the 9th inning with a no-hitter for the 4th time in two years. This time, he gave up a pair of hits but held on to beat the Browns 7-0. For the 1933 season, Bridges had a 3.08 ERA (140 Adjusted ERA+) -- 2nd best in the American League and remarkably low in the batting-friendly 1930s.

1934-1935: Back-to-Back World Series and USA's No. 2 Sports Hero

In 1934, Bridges was 22-11 with 23 complete games to help the Tigers win their first pennant in 25 years. Bridges also surrendered Ruth's 700th home run on July 13, by|1934. In the 1934 World Series, Bridges pitched a complete game victory, in a pitching duel with Dizzy Dean. Bridges beat Dizzy Dean 3-1, but the Tigers lost the Series in 7 games.

Bridges had another strong season in 1935, going 21-10 with 23 complete games. He also pitched a complete game victory in the last game of the 1935 World Series. With the score tied 3-3 in the top of the 9th, Bridges gave up a leadoff triple to Stan Hack, but retired the next three batters without the runner on third scoring. In the bottom of the 9th, Goose Goslin drove in the winning run with 2 outs, and the Tigers won their first championship. After the game, manager Mickey Cochrane said the following of Bridge's gutsy performance: "A hundred and fifty pounds of courage. If there ever is a payoff on courage this little 150- pound pitcher is the greatest World Series hero."

In a nationwide poll Bridges was named the No. 2 sports hero of 1935, behind Notre Dame football player Andy Pilney. [http://bioproj.sabr.org/bioproj.cfm?a=v&v=l&pid=1553&bid=807]

Later Years

After winning over 20 games in both 1934 and 1935, Bridges led the AL in by|1936 with 23 wins, and finished ninth in the MVP voting.

On August 11, 1942, Bridges was involved in one of the great pitching duels of all time. Cleveland starter, Al Milnar had a no-hitter until Doc Cramer singled with two out in the 9th. Milnar's scoreless duel with Bridges ended in a 14-inning scoreless tie because the rules did not permit the game to be continued under the lights.

Career Record

Bridges was one of the best pitchers in baseball from 1931 until 1943, when he entered the Army.

He was among the league leaders in earned run average 10 times between 1932 and 1943, including a career-low 2.39 ERA in 1943 -- the year before Bridges entered the Army.

Over his major league career, he compiled an Adjusted ERA+ of 126 --ranking 54th best in major league history. Though his unadjusted ERA is less impressive because of the high batting averages in the years in which he pitched, Bridges had an Adjusted ERA+ in excess of 140 on six occasions: 1932-33, 1939-40, 1942-43.

He was named an All-Star six times between 1934 and 1940, missing out only in 1938 due to an injury.

Bridges was also a consistent leader in strikeouts. He led the AL in strikeouts in 1935 and 1936, and was among the league leades 12 times: 1931-40, 1942-43. Even more telling, he was among the top 3 in the league in strikeouts per 9 innings pitched on 7 occasions: 1931, 1935-36, 1939-40, 1942-43.

In by|1941 he set the Tigers' career strikeout record, surpassing George Mullin's mark of 1380. His team record for career strikeouts was broken in by|1951 by Hal Newhouser, and remained the top mark for a righthander until Jack Morris broke it in by|1988.

Bridges' career record with the Tigers was 194-138 with a 3.57 ERA.

The Secret to Bridges' Success: A Spitball?

In his article on Bridges for the SABR Baseball Biography Project, Ralph Berger described the secret to Bridges' success: "Small and frail looking, he didn't look impressive, but he possessed long, slender fingers that enabled him to put pressure on the ball. This pressure gave him one of the best curveballs ever in the major leagues. He also had excellent speed. In fact, his curveball, which looked like something dropping off a table, set up his fastball." [http://bioproj.sabr.org/bioproj.cfm?a=v&v=l&pid=1553&bid=807]

Bridges was often accused of throwing an illegal spitball. In 1941, when Yankee skipper Joe McCarthy asked the umpire to inspect the ball thrown by Bridges, catcher Birdie Tebbetts of the Tigers fired the ball into the outfield with all three outfielders handling the ball before returning it to the umpire.

Bridges Misses Two Seasons to World War II

Bridges served in the U.S. Army during World War II, missing the entire 1944 season and coming back in time for only one start in 1945. He was a member of the Tigers' 1945 World Series championship team, his fourth Series, making a relief appearance in Game 6.

Bridges and Hank Greenberg are the only players in Detroit Tigers history to play in four World Series for the team, having appeared in the 1934, 1935, 1940, and 1945 World Series.

The Pacific Coast League: Finally, a No-Hitter

Sent to the minors in 1946, he pitched for four years with the Portland Beavers in the Pacific Coast League. On April 20, 1947, pitching for Beavers, Bridges finally got his no-hitter, beating San Francisco 2–0. Bridges also led the Pacific Coast League league in ERA in 1947, but never pitched in the majors again.

Life After Baseball

Bridges' life outside the major leagues took a downward turn, in part due to alcoholism which developed after his war service. In 1950 Bridges left his wife for another woman; former teammates were shocked by his appearance. In 1951 he became a scout and coach for the Cincinnati Reds, and he was later a scout for the Tigers and the New York Mets.

Bridges died in Nashville, Tennessee in 1968 at age 61.

ee also

* 1935 Detroit Tigers season
* 1945 Detroit Tigers season
* List of Major League Baseball leaders in career wins
* List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions
* List of Major League Baseball wins champions

External links

*baseball-reference|id=b/bridgto01
* [http://bioproj.sabr.org/bioproj.cfm?a=v&v=l&bid=807&pid=1553 SABR biography]
* [http://www.thedeadballera.com/Obits/Bridges.Tommy.Obit.html The Deadball Era]