Andalusia (estate)

Infobox_nrhp | name =Andalusia
nrhp_type =nhl


caption = Andalusia in 1976
location = 1237 State Road, Andalusia, Pennsylvania
lat_degrees = 40
lat_minutes = 3
lat_seconds = 43
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 74
long_minutes = 57
long_seconds = 30
long_direction = W
nearest_city= Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
locmapin = Pennsylvania
area =
built = 1794
architect = Benjamin Latrobe, Thomas U. Walter
architecture= Other, Colonial Revival, Greek Revival
designated= November 13, 1966cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=478&ResourceType=Building
title=Andalusia |accessdate=2007-11-09|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service]
added = November 13, 1966cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|accessdate=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]
governing_body = Private
refnum=66000649

Andalusia, also known as Nicholas Biddle Estate, is a historic estate located on the Delaware River in Andalusia, which takes it name from the mansion, in Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia.

The mansion was built in 1794 by John Craig, who gave it the name Andalusia, after the region of the same name in Spain. The home was expanded in 1806 in a Greek Revival style by architect Benjamin Latrobe. In 1811, Craig's daughter Jane married prominent financier Nicholas Biddle, and the property has remained in the Biddle family ever since. Biddle, 1786-1844, was famous as the opponent to Andrew Jackson on banking policies.

The mansion was further expanded in the same Greek Revival style in 1834-36 by architect Thomas U. Walter, who is known mostly for his design for the dome of the United States Capitol. According to the National Park Service, "Andalusia is one of the earliest and most pristine examples of the Greek Revival style in the country."

The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1966.citation|title=PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/66000649.pdf National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Andalusia] |868 KB|date=October 31, 1973 |author=S. S. Bradford |publisher=National Park Service and PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/66000649.pdf Accompanying 4 photos, exterior, from 1966 and undated.] |1.04 MB] Today it is operated as a house museum.

References

External links

*Official site: [http://www.andalusiapa.org/ Andalusia Home Page]
*Material on the Andalusia mansion and its several outbuildings, at the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS):
** [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhphoto&fileName=pa/pa0200/pa0213/photos/browse.db&action=browse&recNum=0&title2=Andalusia,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&itemLink=D?hh:5:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 38 b&w photos] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhcolor&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa0200/pa0213/color/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:5:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1 8 color images] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa0200/pa0213/sheet/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:5:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&maxCols=2 15 maps and measured drawings] , and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=pa/pa0200/pa0213/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=1&itemLink=D?hh:5:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 8 data pages] on the mansion.
** [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhphoto&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1392/photos/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:4:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,+The+Cottage,+State+Road+vicinity+(Bensalem+Township),+Andalusia,+Bucks+County,+PA&displayType=1 4 photos] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1392/sheet/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:4:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Cottage,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&maxCols=2 2 measured drawings] and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1392/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=1&itemLink=D?hh:4:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 4 data pages] on the cottage.
** [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhphoto&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1394/photos/browse.db&action=browse&recNum=0&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Billiard%20Room%20(house),%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&itemLink=D?hh:3:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 2 photos] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1394/sheet/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:3:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Billiard%20Room%20(house),%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&maxCols=2 1 drawing] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1394/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=1&itemLink=D?hh:3:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 3 data pages] on the Billiard Room (house).
** [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhphoto&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1393/photos/browse.db&action=browse&recNum=0&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Grotto,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&itemLink=D?hh:2:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 2 photos] , [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&action=browse&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1393/sheet/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:2:./temp/~pp_aeNP::&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Grotto,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&maxCols=2 2 drawings] , and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1393/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:2:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 3 data pages] on the Grotto.
** [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1395/sheet/browse.db&action=browse&recNum=0&title2=Andalusia,%20The%20Graperies,%20State%20Road%20vicinity%20(Bensalem%20Township),%20Andalusia,%20Bucks%20County,%20PA&displayType=1&maxCols=2&itemLink=D?hh:1:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 1 drawing] and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=pa/pa1300/pa1395/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:1:./temp/~pp_aeNP:: 3 data pages] on the Graperies.
* [http://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/20563 Listing at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings]