Rangiroa

Rangiroa (meaning "Vast Sky" in Tuamotuan) or Te Kokota, is the largest atoll in the Tuamotus, and one of the largest in the world (although it is smaller than Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands and Huvadhu in the Maldives). It is located in the Palliser group. The nearest atoll is Tikehau, located only 12 km to the West.

The atoll consists of about 250 islands, islets and sandbars comprising a total land area of about 170 km². There are approximately 100 narrow passages, called "hoa", in the fringing reef. The lagoon is approximately 1600 km². It is so large that it has its own horizon.

The chief town is Avatoru, located in the northwestern part of the atoll. Rangiroa has a total of 2334 inhabitants (2002 census).

History

The first recorded Europeans to arrive to Rangiroa were Dutch explorers Jacob le Maire and Willem Schouten during their 1615-1616 Pacific journey. They called this atoll "Vlieghen Island".

Rangiroa appears in some maps as "Nairsa" or as "Dean’s island". This atoll was visited by the Charles Wilkes expedition on September 7, 1839.

There is a territorial (domestic) airfield in Rangiroa which was inaugurated in 1965.

Administration

The commune of Rangiroa consists of 3 atolls (Rangiroa itself, Tikehau and Mataiva and a separate island (Makatea).

Activities

Rangiroa has a thermal power plant which generates electricity and a satellite dish for telephone communications.

In addition to the usual transfers of resources from the metropolis to the Overseas Territories through the public service wages, Rangiroa has some economic activities:

Tourism

Tourims is certainly the principal economic activity of the island: daily connections with Tahiti, an exceptional lagoon and passes which are good sites for scuba diving attract a steady number of tourists. These are accommodated in some hotels and guesthouses.

ubmarine wildlife

In many submarine caves (the cave, the cave to the sharks, falling, the wind ...) and their surroundings you may encounter surgeonfish, mullet, humphead wrasses, manta rays, leopard sharks, grey sharks, "reira" point where white sharks hammer, eagle rays, barracuda on benches, turtles, pelagic sharks, dolphins ...

Pearls

The breeding of pearl oysters in the lagoon can produce black pearls.

Fishing

Essentially a part of food production, however, it is also exported to the island of Tahiti.

The viticulture

The atoll of Rangiroa is also known for it vineyard, which are unique in the world. The vines grow there on the edge of a lagoon beside coconuts, and produce two harvests per year. The winery is located in the heart of the village of Avatoru. The grapes are brought to the winery by boat.

The creation of this vineyard came after much prior analysis, to find the best site capable of hosting the vines. The first vines were imported in 1992 and underwent tests for acclimatization and selection in the main islands of Polynesia, with the uncertainty of their adaptation to climate. Thirty varieties were imported from various parts of Europe. The vineyard is [http://www.vindetahiti.pf/ Domaine Dominique Auroy]

The tests took place in:
*The Austral Islands on the high Rurutu and Tubuai,
*Nuku Hiva (Marquesas archipelago),
*Rangiroa (Tuamotu archipelago),
*The plains and mountains of Tahiti.

However, other fruit is very scarce on the island and the inhabitants appreciate when cruise ship visitors bring them fruit.

The problem of water

Like many atolls, there is no running water in Rangiroa. Each household must retrieve and store rainwater in tanks. The freshwater lenses which form in coral reefs mostly consist of brackish water due to excessive pumping. Some are also polluted because of the landfill.

Features

*Rangiroa is known for its vineyard. It is the only atoll in French Polynesia where wine (red and white) is produced despite the salt air and lack of land.
*Sedentary dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) regularly play group in the Tiputa Pass. They can be viewed from the mainland but it is also one of the few places where they can be approached in scuba diving.
*Because of its large size and the existence of only two passes (Tiputa Pass and Avatoru Pass), each high tide creates a strong incoming current while each low tide creates a strong outgoing current in those two passes. This creates fantastic conditions for scuba diving and snorkeling.
*When the current is flowing outward through Tiputa Pass, about 200 shark specimens gather at the entrance to the Tiputa Pass, at fifty meters deep. Led by the strong current, sharks can remain motionless and allow divers to observe them without any difficulty. Large manta rays, green sea turtles, and humphead wrasses can also be seen. Occasionally, tiger sharks and hammerhead sharks can also be spotted. In January, large number of stingrays gather in the Tiputa Pass, as well as hammerhead sharks that feed on them.

cuba diving

Rangi, as it is known to divers, has one of the best dives in the world in the Tiputa Pass, which lies at one end of the one main road and runs 3.5 km to the Avatoru Pass.

References

* [http://oceandots.com/pacific/tuamotu/rangiroa.htm Rangiroa on Oceandots]
* [http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_8_1899/Volume_8,_No._4,_December_1899/Names_of_the_Paumotu_Islands,_by_J.L._Young,_p_264-268?action=null Island names]
* [http://www.nla.gov.au/cdview/nla.map-rm531&mode=moreinfo le Maire & Schouten]
* [http://www.catholiquenapuka.pf/Page/Histoire/charleswilkes.html Charles Wilkes]

External links

* [http://www.pacific-image.pf/pages/boutic/dboutic_cdrom_sp132.html Atoll list (in French)]
* [http://www.com.univ-mrs.fr/IRD/atollpol/irdpoly/uksalv85.htm Classification of the French Polynesian atolls by Salvat (1985)]
* [http://www.vindetahiti.pf/en/vindetahiti_en.html The official site of Tahiti's wine]

ee also

*French Polynesia
*Tiputa Pass Rangiroa
*Avatoru Pass Rangiroa