USS Yankee (1861)

USS "Yankee" (1861) was a steam powered side-wheel tugboat acquired by the Union Navy just prior to the outbreak of the American Civil War.

Provisioning Fort Sumter, evacuating Norfolk

The "Yankee" -- a side-wheel steamer built in 1860 at New York City -- was one of three steam tugs chartered early in April 1861 at New York City for use on the expedition to provision Fort Sumter, South Carolina. She departed New York on 8 April and arrived off Charleston Bar on the 15th, a few hours after Major Robert Anderson's command had evacuated the fort and embarked in Federal transport "Baltic". On the 20th, "Yankee" assisted in the evacuation of the Norfolk Navy Yard, Norfolk, Virginia, towing USS|Cumberland|1842 to safety. She then returned to the New York Navy Yard.

Performing reconnaissance duty

"Yankee" left the navy yard on the 26th for duty as a dispatch and escort vessel between Annapolis, Maryland, and Havre de Grace, Maryland. On 30 April 1861, she received orders to Hampton Roads for reconnaissance duty between the Rip Raps and Cape Henry, Virginia. Confederate batteries at Gloucester Point, Virginia, fired upon "Yankee" on 8 May 1861, doing little damage. After further reconnaissance duty along the eastern shore of Virginia and the James River, "Yankee" proceeded to the Washington Navy Yard on the 25th to deliver prize schooners "General Knox" and "Georgeanna". She sailed for Hampton Roads on the last day of May and arrived on 2 June but was sent north a week later for major repairs at the Philadelphia Navy Yard. On 2 July 1861, "Yankee" departed Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, bound via the Washington Navy Yard for Hampton Roads. However, Confederate activity along the Potomac River necessitated that the vessel remain at Washington; and she was formally attached to the Potomac Flotilla on the 9th.

Operating in the Virginia area

In ensuing months, "Yankee" was busy operating against Confederate vessels in the Potomac and Southern forces along its banks. On 18 July 1861, she captured the Confederate schooner "Favorite" in the Yeocomico River, Virginia. On 29 July, she and USS|Reliance|1860 engaged a Confederate battery at Marlborough Point, Virginia. "Yankee" destroyed the sloops "T. W. Riley" and "Jane Wright" near Smith's Island, Virginia, on 16 August 1861 and captured the schooner "Remittance" near Piney Point, Maryland, on 28 August. A landing party from USS|Anacostia|1856 and "Yankee" destroyed abandoned Confederate entrenchments and batteries at Cockpit Point and Evansport, Virginia, on 9 March 1862, the day of the engagement between the Union ironclad USS Monitor and the Confederate armored ram CSS Virginia. During brief service with the James River Flotilla supporting General George B. McClellan's beleaguered army at Harrison's Landing in July and August 1862, "Yankee" assisted in the capture on 27 July of "J. W. Sturges" in Chippoak Creek, Virginia. She returned to the Potomac Flotilla on 30 August 1862 and guarded the water approaches to the Federal capital until the following spring.

Assigned to the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron

USS|Coeur de Lion|1861, USS|Primrose|1863, USS|Teaser|1861, and "Yankee" left the Potomac Flotilla for Hampton Roads and duty with the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron in April 1863. "Yankee" participated in the capture of the strong Confederate position at Hill's Point, Virginia, on the Nansemond River on 20 April, even though the armed tug's length and draft impaired her maneuverability. She returned to the Rappahannock River on 1 May 1863. During duty on the Rappahannock, "Yankee" captured the schooner "Cassandra" and her cargo of whiskey and soda on 11 July 1863. She took the schooner "Nanjemoy" in the Coan River, Virginia, on 15 July; and captured the sloop "Clara Ann" on 1 August 1863. "Yankee" assisted in landing Union cavalry and infantry under General Gilman Marston on the Potomac-Rappahannock peninsula on 12 January 1864 and helped destroy a Confederate encampment under construction at Carter's Creek, Virginia, on 29 April 1864.

Raiding Hamilton’s Crossing

"Yankee's" last major operation of the war occurred on 7 March 1865, when the tug joined USS|Commodore Read|1857, USS|Delaware|1861, USS|Heliotrope|1863 and Army troops in a raid upon Hamilton's Crossing near Fredericksburg, Virginia. The force destroyed a train depot, a railroad bridge, 28 loaded freight cars, and a Confederate army wagon train. Moreover, she made prisoners of 30 Confederates as well.

Decommissioning

On 5 May 1865, "Yankee" sailed to the Washington Navy Yard. "Yankee" was decommissioned there on 16 May 1865 and was sold at public auction on 15 September 1865 to George B. Collier.

References

See also

* List of United States Navy ships
* American Civil War

External links

* [http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/y1/yankee-i.htm USS Yankee]