Basilisk (cannon)

The basilisk was a very heavy bronze cannon employed during the middle ages. The barrel of a basilisk could weigh up to 4000lb (1800kg) and could have a calibre of up to 5 inches (13 cm). [http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/source/is3/is3c.htm "Artillery through the ages"] ] On average they were around 10 feet long [http://www.shadowedrealm.com/glossary/term/Basilisk_(Cannon)] though some, like Queen Elizabeth's Pocket Pistol, were almost three times that length.
The Basilisk got its name from the mythological Basilisk: a fire-breathing venomous serpent that could cause large-scale destruction and kill its victims with its glance alone. [http://bestiary.ca/beasts/beast265.htm] It was thought that the very sight of its 160lb shot would be enough to scare the enemy to death. [http://www.regimental-art.com/history_greys.htm]
In 1588 the Spanish Armada was equipped with many Basilisks for their invasion of England with the intent of using them to besiege towns loyal to Elizabeth I. [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yYupSOK0BgIC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=basilisco+cannon&source=web&ots=oVBshGf7YY&sig=0lqVlCRyWjYoZiHf_4__eQWcPUc&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=10&ct=result] Many of these guns were lost when the ships were wrecked on their return to Spain.
Due to its large size, the Basilisk fell out of favour of European generals, who preferred lighter, more accurate artillery in the late 16th century. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/55167/basilisk] However the Ottoman empire continued to employ such weapons, known as Great Turkish Bombards, well into the 19th century.

Further reading

* [http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/source/is3/is3toc.htm "Artillery through the ages"]

References