Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act

Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act

The Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act is a United States federal law, passed in 1970, designed to limit the practice of smoking. It required a stronger health warning on cigarette packages, saying "Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined that Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health". The act also banned cigarette advertisements on American radio and television.cite web | url=http://tobaccodocuments.org/atc/71066088.html | title=Tobaccodocuments.org - Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act of 1969 | accessdate=2007-03-31]

Origins

The Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act was one of the major bills passed by the United States Congress in response to U.S. Surgeon General Luther Leonidas Terry's that found that lung cancer and chronic bronchitis are causally related to cigarette smoking.cite web | title=History of the Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health | url=http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/history.htm | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | accessdate=2007-03-31] Congress previously passed the Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act in 1965 requiring that all cigarette packages sold in the United States carry a health warning.cite web | title=The 1964 Report on Smoking and Health | url=http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/Views/Exhibit/narrative/smoking.html | publisher=United States National Library of Medicine | accessdate=2007-03-31] But after a recommendation by the Federal Trade Commission, the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act amended the 1965 law so that the warnings are made in the name of the Surgeon General.cite web | title=History of Tobacco Regulation | url=http://www.druglibrary.org/Schaffer/LIBRARY/studies/nc/nc2b.htm | publisher=druglibrary.org | accessdate=2007-03-31]

One of the major advocates of the cigarette advertising ban was the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC argued that since the topic of smoking is controversial, numerous TV and radio stations continued to break the Fairness Doctrine when airing these commercials because they did not give equal time to the opposing viewpoint that smoking is dangerous.

The Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act was introduced into Congress in 1969, but it was not until April 1 1970 when U.S. President Richard Nixon signed it into law. The actual cigarette advertising ban did not come into force until January 2 1971, as per a compromise that allowed broadcasters to air these commercials during their telecasts of college football bowl games on New Year's Day.

Effects

In 1981, the FTC reported that the health warning labels as mandated by the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act had little effect on American smoking habits. Congress therefore passed the Comprehensive Smoking Education Act of 1984, requiring more specific health warnings.cite web | title=2000 Surgeon General's Report—Reducing Tobacco Use: Warning Label | url=http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2000/highlights/highlight_labels.htm | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | accessdate=2007-03-31]

The tobacco industry has begun to use a variety of other marketing tools and strategies to influence people and attract new customers.cite web | title=2000 Surgeon General's Report—Reducing Tobacco Use: Tobacco Advertising and Promotion | url=http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2000/highlights/highlight_advertising.htm | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | accessdate=2007-03-31] In particular, ads targeted to adolescents affect their perceptions on the image and function of smoking.cite web | title=1994 Surgeon General's Report—Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People: Major Conclusions | url=http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1994/chapter1_intro.htm | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | accessdate=2007-03-31] In 1991, the Journal of the American Medical Association published a study showing that more children 5 and 6 years old could recognize Camel cigarettes' Joe Camel mascot than could recognize Mickey Mouse or Fred Flintstone.Fischer PM, Schwartz MP, Richards JW Jr, Goldstein AO, Rojas TH. Brand logo recognition by children aged 3 to 6 years. Mickey Mouse and Old Joe the Camel. JAMA. 1991 Dec 11;266(22):3145-8. PMID 1956101] Camel increased its adolescent customer base dramatically, from less than 1% before 1988 to more than 13% in 1993.

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Cigarette smoking for weight loss — is a practice dating to early knowledge of nicotine as an appetite suppressant. Tobacco use was associated with appetite suppression among pre Columbian indigenous Americans, and old world Europeans.[1] For decades, tobacco companies have… …   Wikipedia

  • public health — public health, adj. health services to improve and protect community health, esp. sanitation, immunization, and preventive medicine. [1610 20] * * * Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized… …   Universalium

  • Cigarette — For other uses, see Cigarette (disambiguation). Cig redirects here. For other uses, see Cig (disambiguation). Two unlit, filtered f6 brand cigarettes from Germany. A cigarette (from Mayan Siyar; to smoke rolled tobacco leaves [1] …   Wikipedia

  • Tobacco smoking — Part of a series on Smoking …   Wikipedia

  • Comprehensive Smoking Education Act — The Comprehensive Smoking Education Act of 1984 (also known as the Rotational Warning Act) is an act of the Congress of the United States. A national program established in order to improve the availability of information on health risks related… …   Wikipedia

  • Smoking in the People's Republic of China — is prevalent, as China is the world s largest consumer and producer of tobacco:[1] there are 350 million Chinese smokers,[1] and China produces 42% of the world s cigarettes.[1] The China National Tobacco Corporation (中国国家烟草公司) is by sales the… …   Wikipedia

  • Smoking ban — An internationally recognizable No Smoking sign …   Wikipedia

  • smoking — smok·ing (smōʹkĭng) adj. 1. Engaging in the smoking of tobacco: smoking passengers. 2. Designated or reserved for smokers: the smoking section of a restaurant. 3. Of or relating to the use of tobacco: corporate smoking policies. * * * Breathing… …   Universalium

  • Health effects of tobacco — Part of a series on Tobacco …   Wikipedia

  • Smoking age — The minimum legal age to purchase cigarettes or tobacco products varies from country to country. Ages range from 14 to 21, but 18 tends to be the most common legal smoking age.Legal Smoking Age For countries around the worldAsiaEuropeAustraliaIt… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”