Essay on a Course of Liberal Education for Civil and Active Life

"Essay on a Course of Liberal Education for Civil and Active Life" (1765) is an educational treatise by the eighteenth-century British polymath Joseph Priestley. [Priestley, Joseph. "Essay on a Course of Liberal Education for Civil and Active Life". London: Printed for C. Henderson under the Royal Exchange; T. Becket and De Hondt in the Strand; and by J. Johnson and Davenport, in Pater-Noster-Row, 1765.]

Dedicated to the governing board of Warrington Academy at which Priestley was a tutor, it argues that the education of young people should anticipate their practical needs, something Priestley accused the current universities, Dissenting and Establishment alike, of failing to do. In Priestley's eyes, the contemporary focus on a traditional classical education prevented students from acquiring useful skills. This principle of utility guided his unconventional curricular choices for Warrington's aspiring middle-class businessmen. He proposed that students study English and the modern languages instead of the classical languages, learn practical mathematics, read modern rather than ancient history, and study the constitution and laws of England. He believed that these topics would prepare his students for the commercial middle-class life that most of them would live; he did not believe that the poor should receive this same education, arguing "it could be of no service to their country, and often a real detriment to themselves." [Qtd. in Sheps, 137.] The board was convinced and in 1766 Warrington Academy replaced its classical curriculum with Priestley's liberal arts model. [Thorpe, 52-4; Schofield, 124-5; Watts, 95-7; Sheps, 136.]

Some scholars of education have argued that this work and Priestley's later "Miscellaneous Observations relating to Education" (1778) (often reprinted with the "Essay on Education") [Priestley, Joseph. "Miscellaneous Observations relating to Education. More especially, as it respects the conduct of the mind". Bath: Printed by R. Cruttwell; London: J. Johnson, 1778.] made Priestley the "most considerable English writer on educational philosophy" between the seventeenth-century John Locke and the nineteenth-century Herbert Spencer. [Schofield, 121; see also Watts, 92.]

ee also

*Joseph Priestley and Dissent
*Joseph Priestley and education
*List of works by Joseph Priestley

Notes

Bibliography

*Schofield, Robert E. "The Enlightenment of Joseph Priestley: A Study of his Life and Work from 1733 to 1773". University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997. ISBN 0271016620.
*Sheps, Arthur. "Joseph Priestley's Time "Charts": The Use and Teaching of History by Rational Dissent in late Eighteenth-Century England." "Lumen" 18 (1999): 135–154.
*Thorpe, T.E. "Joseph Priestley". London: J. M. Dent, 1906.
*Watts, R. "Joseph Priestley and education." "Enlightenment and Dissent" 2 (1983): 83–100.