Gonars

Infobox CityIT
img_coa = Gonars-Stemma.png official_name = Comune di Gonars
region = Friuli-Venezia Giulia
province = Udine (UD)
elevation_m = 21
area_total_km2 = 19.9
population_as_of = 2004
population_total = 4637
population_density_km2 = 233
timezone = CET, UTC+1
coordinates = coord|45|54|N|13|14|E|region:IT_type:city(4637)
frazioni = Ontagnano, Fauglis, Bordiga
telephone = 0432
postalcode = 33050
gentilic = Gonaresi
saint = Saint Canziano
day = May 30
mayor = Ivan Cignola
website = [http://www.comune.gonars.ud.it comune.gonars.ud.it]

Gonars is a town and commune near Palmanova in the province of Udine, Friuli, northeastern Italy.

History

World War II

On February 23, 1942 the fascist regime established a concentration camp in the town, mostly for prisoners from present day Slovenia and Croatia. The first transport of 5343 internees (1643 of whom were children) arrived two days later from the Province of Ljubljana and from the Rab camp and the camp in Monigo near Treviso.

The camp was disbanded on September 8, 1943, immediately after Italian capitulation. Every effort was made to erase any evidence of this black spot of Italian history. The camp's buildings were destroyed, the materials were used to build a nearby kindergarten and the site was turned into a meadow. Only in 1973 a sacrarium was created by sculptor Miodrag Živković at the town's cemetery. Remains of 453 Slovenian and Croatian victims were transferred into its two underground crypts. It is believed that at least 50 additional persons died in the camp due to starvation and torture. Apart from the sacrarium no other evidence of the camp remains and even many locals are unaware it.

Among the people interned in the camp were the writer Vitomil Zupan, poets Alojz Gradnik and France Balantič, historians Bogo Grafenauer and Fran Zwitter, sculptor Jakob Savinšek, and politician Anton Vratuša.

Further reading

* Alessandra Kersevan, "Un campo di concentramento fascista. Gonars 1942-1943.", Kappa Vu Edizioni, Udine, 2003

External links

* [http://www.gonarsmemorial.org Official site of the concentration camp Memorial]
* [http://www.romacivica.net/anpiroma/deportazione/deportazionecampi1b.htm An article from Romacivica.net] it icon