Phoenix Hotel

The Phoenix Hotel was a historical structure located on East Main Street in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was established in the 1820s and became a prominent landmark as well as the oldest hostelry by succession in the area. After several reincarnations, the building was demolished in 1987 and replaced by Phoenix Park.

History

The site that would become the Phoenix Hotel originally housed Postlethwaite's Tavern, which was constructed in 1800. Several name changes occurred between 1800 and 1820, one of which was to Wilson's Tavern, which was visited by Col. Aaron Burr in 1806. The Phoenix Hotel opened on this site in the 1820s. [ [http://www.rootsweb.com/~kyfayett/dunn/keiser_benj.htm "Aaron Burr's visit to the Phoenix Hotel site in October 1806"] , July 2006, accessed 25 August 2007] After it was established, the hotel quickly became a well-known landmark. As a prominent structure closely linked with travelers and tourism in the early history of the city, it helped to give Lexington the reputation that led it to be called "Athens of the West".

1800s

The Phoenix Hotel was used for many other purposes, including use as a headquarters by General William "Bull" Nelson, General Braxton Bragg, and General Kirby Smith during the American Civil War. Additionally, the Morgan's Men Association was formed at the Phoenix Hotel after the reinternment of General John Hunt Morgan on 17 April 1868. The surviving members of Morgan's command served as the funeral escort, and then met at the hotel. It was at this meeting that the Morgan's Men Association was created, which still exists in modern times. Around 1891, the Alpha Theta chapter of the Kappa Alpha Order at Transylvania University was founded, with the charter members being initiated at the Phoenix Hotel. [ [http://members.tripod.com/~Morgans_Men/ "Morgans Men Association"] , 1998, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://homepages.transy.edu/~ka/history.html "History of Alpha Theta, 1954"] , November 1954, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://rootsweb.com/~kyfayett/shrines.htm "Phoenix Hotel information at Rootsweb"] , 2000, accessed 25 August 2007]

A postcard from this era on display at the Lexington History Museum reads:

"We Make a specialty of serving private partiesHigh-class Service, 40c Lunch, PHOENIX HOTEL, Fireproof, Lexington, Ky."

Lucretia Hart Clay, the wife of statesman Henry Clay, had business ventures selling eggs, butter and milk to the Phoenix Hotel during the 1800s. [ [http://www.bluegrass.kctcs.edu/LCC/HIS/108/project1.html "Antebellum history in Kentucky"] , 10 August 2003, accessed 25 August 2007]

1900s

In 1919, the Kiwanis Club of Lexington was inaugurated at the Phoenix Hotel. A meeting was held by 50 businessmen to organize the club. At the time, election of officers was postponed until the second meeting, which was also scheduled to take place at the hotel. Among those present were Senator Thomas A. Combs, who presided over the meeting, and Mayor-elect T.C. Bradley. [ [http://lexingtonkiwanis.home.insightbb.com/history.html "History of the Lexington Kiwanis Club"] , accessed 25 August 2007] National conventions of Phi Kappa Tau Fraternity was hosted by chapters at Centre College, Transylvania University and the University of Kentucky at the hotel August 30-September 1, 1923 and August 22-24, 1929.

In 1929, a meeting of Lexington's Board of Commerce at the Phoenix Hotel resulted in staff executive Ed Wilder writing a letter to convince the U.S. Public Heath Service to locate a prison in the area following the enabling of the Porter Act. Dr. Walter Treadway later visited Lexington to acknowledge the city's interest in housing this facility as a result of the brainstorming done at the hotel. [ [http://www.bizlex.com/story.php?id=169 "Article on Board of Commerce meeting in 1929"] , 3 November 2006, accessed 25 August 2007]

In 1932, the exterior lights from either side of the front entrance of the Phoenix Hotel were relocated to the main building of the University of Kentucky after a street front renovation. Shortly after 1947, the radio station WVLK-AM 590 relocated to the Phoenix Hotel from Versailles, Kentucky. The radio station remained headquartered at the site until approximately 1980, and moved thereafter to the Kincaid Towers. During this time, Paul Dunbar was the chief engineer. [ [http://www.uky.edu/PR/News/Archives/2004/Oct2004/041025_main_bldg_construction_history.htm "UK Main building construction history"] , 25 October 2004, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://www.lkyradio.com/WVLK.htm "History of the WVLK radio station"] , 18 August 2007, accessed 25 August 2007]

The Southern Regional Group held an annual meeting at the Phoenix Hotel in 1965, from October 7 to October 9. This meeting was principally hosted by the University of Kentucky, and had 110 in attendance. It became the last meeting of the group where Kentucky was an active, full member. Also in the 1960s, the Phoenix Hotel was the site of several demonstrations during the social movement in Lexington. These demonstrations were depicted in black and white photographs taken by photographer Calvert McAnn, and were displayed at the University of Kentucky Singletary Center in 2005. [ [http://www.mlanet.org/about/history/unit-history/southern2.html "Malnet History, Southern Regional Group"] , 25 October 2000, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://www.uky.edu/PR/News/050513_rights_legacy.htm "UK Civil rights legacy - McCann photography showcase"] , 13 May 2005, accessed 25 August 2007]

Influence on horse racing

The prominence of the Phoenix Hotel heavily influenced horse racing, as shown by several races carrying the name of the hotel. The Phoenix Hotel Stakes, which was first run in Lexington in 1831, is considered the oldest American horse race for three-year-olds.

Headlines and articles from the New York Times mention several races and titles in horse racing that were named for the Phoenix Hotel, beginning in or prior to 1877. A sports article from the New York Times printed 12 November 1924 described a first-day feature in Lexington horse racing named the "Phoenix Hotel Handicap, at a mile and seventy yards for three-year-olds and upward". This occurred during a meeting of the Kentucky Association. Similar headlines from 1930 also mention the Phoenix Hotel Handicap in racing. [ [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30E10FB395B137B93C1A8178ED85F438784F9 "Headling on Phoenix Hotel Stakes, 1877"] , 13 May 1877, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00B1EFE3F5B12738DDDAB0994D9415B848EF1D3 "New York Times article on Phoenix Hotel Handicap in horse racing, 1924"] , 12 November 1924, accessed 25 August 2007] [ [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00F14FE3D5C157A93CAA8178FD85F448385F9 "New York Times article on Phoenix Hotel Handicap in horse racing, 1930"] , 18 April 1930, accessed 25 August 2007]

The Phoenix Hotel Stakes race was later renamed the Phoenix Breeders' Cup Handicap (currently listed as the Phoenix Breeders' Cup Stakes), and is run at Keeneland. [ [http://www.racingmuseum.org/education/nrm-education.asp?varPage=26 "Racing Museum history - Phoenix Hotel Stakes"] , 2004. accessed 25 August 2007]

Demolition

The Phoenix Hotel was demolished in 1981 by Wallace Wilkinson, who planned to use the site to construct the World Coal Center skyscraper. This was never constructed, and is considered the largest failed development in the cityscape of Lexington. In its place, the Park Plaza was opened in 1987, followed by the construction and opening of the modern-day Phoenix Park.

Two large crystal chandaliers were removed to the lobby of the Seelbach Hotel in Louisville.

Phoenix Park, which is located next to a public library, features a Vietnam veterans memorial, a fountain, and seating for visitors. [ [http://www.10best.com/Lexington,KY/locationDetails.html "Lexington Facts (fact #2)"] , 2007, accessed 25 August 2007] James Holmberg, who is an author, historian, and curator for the Filson Club, participated in the dedication of a marker honoring the historical significance of the site in November 2006. [ [http://www.lexingtonhistorymuseum.org/calendar/2006-2007%20LHM%20Calendar.pdf "Lexington History Museum calendar - dedication by James Holmberg"] , 2006, accessed 25 August 2007] . The site of the former Phoenix Hotel was given a Lexington Historical Society marker, in honor of a large celebration that occurred when Meriwether Lewis (of Lewis & Clark) visited Lexington in 1806. [ [http://www.bizlex.com/story.php?id=10 "Historical marker for visit by Lewis, circa 1806"] , 22 August 2006, accessed 25 August 2007]

References

External links

* [http://lexingtonhistorymuseum.org/archives/postcards/motels/images/ky03709.jpgPostcard photograph showing the interior of the Phoenix Hotel, Lexington History Museum]
* [http://imagehost.vendio.com/bin/viewimage.x/00000000/cartophilians/0008.jpg?vvid=51754823 Photograph of an embossed cameo advertising cover from the Phoenix Hotel, circa 1857–1860]