Erpetosuchus

Taxobox
name = "Erpetosuchus"
fossil_range = Late Triassic

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image_width = 250px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Sauropsida
infraclassis = Archosauromorpha
unranked_ordo = Crurotarsi
familia = Erpetosuchidae
genus = "Erpetosuchus"
binomial = "Erpetosuchus granti"
binomial_authority = Newton, 1894

"Erpetosuchus" is an extinct genus of crurotarsan from the Late Triassic. It was first described by E. T. Newton in 1894 for remains found in northeastern Scotland, with more remains found in the United States in recent years. "Erpetosuchus" is the sister-taxon to Crocodylomorpha.

The type species of "Erpetosuchus" is "E. granti".

Material

The first remains of "Erpetosuchus" were found in the Lossiemouth Sandstone Formation in Scotland (late Carnian, Late Triassic), and consist of a skull and a partial postcranial skeleton. The holotype is BMNH R3139

During a field trip in 1995 to the lower part of the New Haven Formation in Connecticut, American palaeontologist Paul E. Olsen discovered a partial skull that, after preparation and description in 2000 (Olsen et al 2000), was referable to "E. granti". This was the first record of "E. granti" outside of Scotland. The specimen has been given the number AMNH 29300 , and besides the right side of the skull, also has some vertebrae and indeterminate bones associated. Dating of the lower portion of the New Haven Formation indicates a Norian (Late Triassic) age.

Systematics

"Erpetosuchus granti" was originally assigned to Thecodontia, but that name no longer appears in scientific literature because it is a paraphyletic group, consisting of distantly related archosaurs. It has also been considered a crocodylomorph, included within the clade Erpetosuchia, or as a pseudosuchian.

A more recent phylogenetic analysis by Olsen et al. (2000) found "E. granti" to be the sister-taxon to the Crocodylomorpha. These are united in a clade by the following synapomorphies:

*Medial contact of the maxillae to form a secondary bony palate
*Absence of a postfrontal
*Parietals fused without a trace of an interparietal suture

References

Olsen, P. E., Sues, H.-D. & Norell, M. A., (2000). First record of "Erpetosuchus" (Reptilia: Archosauria) from the Late Triassic of North America. "Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" 20 (4): 633-636.

External links

* [http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~polsen/nbcp/olsen.sues.norell.00.pdf Olsen et al. (2000)]