- 21st Reserve Division (German Empire)
Infobox Military Unit
unit_name=21st Reserve Division ("21. Reserve-Division")
dates=1914-1919
country=Germany
branch=Army
type=Infantry
size=Approx. 15,000
battles=World War I :Great Retreat ,First Battle of the Marne ,Battle of Verdun ,Second Battle of the Aisne ,Battle of Cambrai (1917) ,Spring Offensive ,Hundred Days Offensive ,Second Battle of the Somme (1918) The 21st Reserve Division ("21. Reserve-Division") was a unit of the Imperial German Army in
World War I . The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914. [ [http://www.1914-18.info/erster-weltkrieg.php?u=383 21. Reserve-Division (Chronik 1914-1918)] ] The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was raised primarily in the PrussianProvince of Hesse-Nassau , but one battalion of the 88th Reserve Infantry Regiment came from theGrand Duchy of Hesse and some other troops of the division came from Westphalia and theRhine Province .Combat chronicle
The 21st Reserve Division fought on the Western Front, participating in the opening German offensive which led to the Allied
Great Retreat and ended with theFirst Battle of the Marne . Thereafter, the division remained in the line in the Champagne region until June 1916. In July 1916, the division entered theBattle of Verdun . It returned to the Champagne in September and then went back to Verdun in December 1916-January 1917. In the Spring of 1917, the division fought in theSecond Battle of the Aisne , also known as the Third Battle of Champagne. In November 1917, the division saw action in the tank battle at Cambrai. The division participated in the 1918 GermanSpring Offensive . It faced the AlliedHundred Days Offensive , and fought in theSecond Battle of the Somme (1918) (also called the Third Battle of the Somme). Allied intelligence rated the division as second class. [ [http://www.1914-18.info/erster-weltkrieg.php?u=383 21. Reserve-Division (Chronik 1914-1918)] ] ["Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919" (1920), pp. 318-321.]Order of battle on mobilization
The order of battle of the 21st Reserve Division on mobilization was as follows: [Hermann Cron et al., "Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee" (Berlin, 1935).]
*41. Reserve-Infanterie-Brigade
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 80
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 87
*42. Reserve-Infanterie-Brigade
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 81
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 88
*Reserve-Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 7
*Reserve-Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 21
*4.Kompanie/Kurhessisches Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 11Order of battle on March 8, 1918
The 21st Reserve Division was triangularized in October 1916. Over the course of the war, other changes took place, including the formation of artillery and signals commands and a pioneer battalion. The order of battle on March 8, 1918 was as follows: [Cron et al., "Ruhmeshalle".]
*41. Reserve-Infanterie-Brigade
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 80
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 87
**Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 88
*3.Eskadron/Reserve-Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 4
*Artillerie-Kommandeur 126
**Reserve-Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 21
**Kgl. Bayerisches Fußartillerie-Bataillon Nr. 22
*Stab Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 321
**4.Kompanie/Kurhessisches Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 11
**5.Kompanie/Kurhessisches Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 11
**Minenwerfer-Kompanie Nr. 221
*Divisions-Nachrichten-Kommandeur 421References
* [http://www.1914-18.info/erster-weltkrieg.php?u=383 21. Reserve-Division (Chronik 1914/1918) - Der erste Weltkrieg]
* Hermann Cron et al., "Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee" (Berlin, 1935)
* Hermann Cron, "Geschichte des deutschen Heeres im Weltkriege 1914-1918" (Berlin, 1937)
* Günter Wegner, "Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939." (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1
* "Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919" (1920)Notes
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