Amblyomma americanum

Taxobox
name = Lone Star Tick

---

image_caption =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Arachnida
ordo = Acarina
subordo = Parasitiformes
superfamilia = Ixodoidea
familia = Ixodidae
genus = "Amblyomma"
species = "A. americanum"
binomial = "Amblyomma americanum"
binomial_authority =

"Amblyomma americanum", or lone star tick, is a species of tick in the genus "Amblyomma". It is very wide-spread in the United States ranging from Texas to Iowa in the Midwest and east to the coast where it can be found as far north as Maine. [cite journal |author=Childs JE, Paddock CD |title=The ascendancy of Amblyomma americanum as a vector of pathogens affecting humans in the United States |journal=Annu. Rev. Entomol. |volume=48 |pages=307–37 |year=2003 |pmid=12414740 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112728] It is most common in wooded areas, particularly in forests with thick underbrush.

Like all ticks, it can be a vector of diseases including human granulocytic ehrlichiosis ("Ehrlichia chaffeensis"), canine and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis ("Ehrlichia ewingii"), tularemia ("Francisella tularensis"), and Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI, possibly caused by the spirochete "Borrelia lonestari"). [cite journal |author=Masters EJ, Grigery CN, Masters RW |title=STARI, or Masters disease: Lone Star tick-vectored Lyme-like illness |journal=Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=361–76, viii |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18452807 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2007.12.010] STARI exhibits a rash similar to that caused by Lyme disease but is generally considered to be less severe.

Though the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease, "Borrelia burgdorferi", has occasionally been isolated from lone star ticks, numerous vector competancy tests have demonstrated that this tick is extremely unlikely to be capable of transmitting Lyme disease. There is evidence that the Amblyomma americanum saliva inactivates "Borrelia burgdorferi" more quickly than the saliva of Ixodes scapularis.cite journal |author=Ledin KE, Zeidner NS, Ribeiro JM, "et al" |title=Borreliacidal activity of saliva of the tick Amblyomma americanum |journal=Med. Vet. Entomol. |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=90–5 |year=2005 |month=March |pmid=15752182 |doi=10.1111/j.0269-283X.2005.00546.x |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0269-283X&date=2005&volume=19&issue=1&spage=90]

References

External links

* http://www.k-state.edu/parasitology/625tutorials/Tick03.html