- Johann Nepomuk Czermak
Johann Nepomuk Czermak (
June 17 ,1828 -September 16 ,1873 ) was an Austrian-Germanphysiologist who was a native ofPrague . He studied inPrague ,Vienna ,Breslau andWürzburg . At Breslau he was greatly influenced by the work of physiologistJan Evangelista Purkyně (1787-1869). He became a professor atGraz in 1855, and proceeded to work in several European cities incluingKrakow andLeipzig .Czermak is remembered for his contributions made in the field of
laryngology . Along withneurologist Ludwig Turck (1810-1868), he is credited for introducing thelaryngoscope into medicine. The laryngoscope was created by Spanish singing instructor Manuel Garcia in 1854, and soon afterwards, Czermak made modifications to the device, and it soon gained popularity in the medical world. Czermak is also credited for adapting the instrument for examination of the nose andnasopharynx .He had a keen interest in
phonetics , and he performed extensive studies concerning the role of thelarynx , nasal cavities, throat and mouth in the production of sound and the forming ofconsonant s andvowel s. Just prior to his death in 1873, Czermak founded a physiological institute in Leipzig called the "Spectatorium".References
*"This article is based on a translation of an article from the German Wikipedia "
External links
*worldcat id|lccn-nr2001-6548
* [http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/references?id=per296 Short biography, bibliography, and links on digitized sources] in theVirtual Laboratory of theMax Planck Institute for the History of Science
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