Spanish Psammodromus

Taxobox
name = Spanish Psammodromus


status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Reptilia
ordo = Squamata
familia = Lacertidae
genus = "Psammodromus"
species = "P. hispanicus"
binomial = "Psammodromus hispanicus"
binomial_authority = Fitzinger, 1826
synonyms = The Spanish Psammodromus ("Psammodromus hispanicus") is a species of lizard in the Lacertidae family.It is found in France, Portugal, and Spain.Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, temperate grassland, sandy shores, arable land, pastureland, and rural gardens.It is threatened by habitat loss.

History and originThe Spanish "Psammodromus" was first described by Fitzinger in 1826, the scientific name of this species is "Psammodromus hispanicus". "Psammodromus" from Greek meaning 'snad' and 'to run'. "hispanicus" from Latin meaning 'from Spain'.

CharacteristicsThey are one of the smallest lizards of France, characterised by their unique patterns (see photos).

Description

"Size"The eggs measure 9 x 6 to 13 x 8 mm. The young hatch out at around 20 to 25 mm long. They can grow up to around 50 mm long, their tail being about 1.5 the body size giving them a total adult size of around 120 to 130 mm long.

"Form"They are slender and long-bodied. They have a small pointed head, normal to large sized hind limbs and a very long, slender tail, they have keeled, overlapping scales and like its cousin the Large Psammodromus, they have a rough appearance.

"Patterns & colours"They are often dark brown, olive-brown or dark red, rusty colour with many lighter irregular blotches, streaks and small lines especially in the middle of the sides and on the top of flanks. But also along the top of the back where they usually have lots of small streaks of white bordered by a darker colour. Their belly is yellowish.

Geographical range They are found over most of the Iberian peninsula excluding the north coast and the Pyrenees. In France they can only be found along the Mediterranean coast.

Subspecies edwarsianus - Found in Francehispanicus - Iberian peninsula.

Sexual differences Females are larger in spring due to their eggs.

Seasonal variations Females are larger in spring due to their eggs.

Biology

DietThey feed mainly on small insects & spiders."'Defensive habits"'When disturbed they will flee into close by vegetation. If they are caught however, they may squeak, but never bite.

ReproductionBreeding occurs when they wake up from hibernation in spring. After only a few weeks about 2 to 8 eggs are laid in a moist, warm spot, usually under hey piles, in rotting wood piles and other places of this kind. The eggs incubate for around 8 weeks before hatching. The females can lay up to 2 clutches of eggs.

Sexual maturity, life spanThe average life span for Psammodromus hispanicus is only 2 to 3 years, many specimens die after their first mating season. They reach their sexual maturity in their first year.

HabitsThey are active by day. They are often seen running from one clump of vegetation to another if you come across them.

Ecology

HabitatThey are found at up to 1500 meters in altitude. They inhabit dry open Mediterranean areas. Theses habitats are characterised by a stone cover and in most cases, a loose soiled area not too far away (sand...).

PredatorsThey are the prey for many species, birds, large insects, snakes, other mammals.

ource

* Reptiles & Amphibians of France [http://www.reptilia-amphibia.net Reptiles & Amphibians of France website] .
* Pleguezuelos, J., Sá-Sousa, P., Pérez-Mellado, V., Marquez, R. & Cheylan, M. 2005. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/61560/all Psammodromus hispanicus] . [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 28 July 2007.