Roscheria

taxobox
status = LR/nt
status_system = IUCN2.3
regnum = Plantae
unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
unranked_classis = Monocots
unranked_ordo = Commelinids
ordo = Arecales
familia = Arecaceae
genus = "Roscheria"
species = "R. melanochaetes"
binomial = "Roscheria melanochaetes"
binomial_authority = (H.A. Wendl.) H.A. Wendl. ex BalfourH.A. Wendland ex I.B. Balfour in J.G. Baker, Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles 386, 1877. Type: "R. melanochaetes"] |

"Roscheria" is an endangered, monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family. The genus is named for Albrecht Roscher, 19th-century German explorer, and the epithet for its single species "R. melanochaetes" derives from Latin and Greek meaning 'black' and 'bristle', alluding to the spines covering the trunks. They naturally occur on the Mahé and Silhouette Islands of Seychelles where they grow in mountainous rainforest and are threatened by habitat loss.Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) "An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms". Portland: Timber Press. ISBN-10: 0881925586 / ISBN-13: 978-0881925586 (Page 440-441)]

Description

"Roscheria melanochaetes" is a slow growing palm, the trunk reaches 8 m in height at 8 cm in diameter, usually straight, featuring distinctive rings near the crown. The trunks exhibit rings of black spines at each stem node, but this feature is most pronounced in young plants; as the plants age they grow fewer and fewer trunk spines, or none at all. Spines are also present on the crownshaft and petioles and these persist into maturity.

The crownshaft is 3 m tall, light green in color, covered in brown scales, especially nearing the top. The crownshaft bulges in its center and holds 12-16 pinnate leaves, 1-2 m long on 15-20 cm petioles. The leaves are distinct in that the individual leaflets exhibit enormous variation; some have a single rib while others have several, some are broad, some are narrow, some have pointed apices while others are obliquely truncated. The leaves are light to bright green on top and dull green to brown underneath; but for the bifid apices, juvenile leaves are undivided and pink to red in color.

Unlike most crownshafted species, the inflorescence in "R. melanochaetes" emerges from the leaf axil rather than beneath the shaft. The much-branched panicle is 1-2 m with unisexual flowers of both sexes. Fruit matures to a 1 cm red drupe with one seed.

Cultivation

These plants will not tolerate drought or cold. Growing naturally in rain forest understory, they also require shade when young, as well as moist, humus rich soil. These particulars usually make the plant difficult to cultivate, even in tropical areas.

References

* Murugaiyan, P. 1998. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/38687/all Roscheria melanochaetes] . [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 20 July 2007.