- Gutium
Gutium was a tribe that overran southern
Mesopotamia when theAkkad ian empire collapsed ca. 2083 BC (short chronology ).Sumer ian sources portray them as a barbarous, ravenous people from the mountains. [ [http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/etcsl.cgi?text=t.2.1.5&display=Crit&charenc=gcirc&lineid=t215.p12#t215.p12 ETCSL - The cursing of Agade] ] TheSumerian king list represents them as ruling over Sumer for a time, and paints a picture of chaos within the Gutian administration. [ [http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/etcsl.cgi?text=t.2.1.1&display=Crit&charenc=gcirc&lineid=t211.p18#t211.p18 ETCSL - Sumerian king list] ]The Sumerian ruler
Utu-hengal is credited with defeating the Gutian rulerTirigan and removing the Guti from the country (ca. 2050 BC (short)). [ [http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/etcsl.cgi?text=t.2.1.6&display=Crit&charenc=gcirc&lineid=t216.p1#t216.p1 ETCSL - The victory of Utu-ḫeĝal] ]Next to nothing is known about the group or their origins, as no "Gutian" artifacts have surfaced from that time; all we have are the tribe's name and a list of rulers from contemporary sources. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=8VnAk14pODsC&pg=PA171&dq=The+First+Indo-Europeans+in+History+Henning+Guti&sig=v6HSKC2kfV9TdT3kwg9vxbuEiW4 Patton, Laurie L., et al. (2004) The Indo-Aryan Controversy] ]
By the first millennium BC, the term "Gutium" was used to refer to all tribes east of the
Tigris who had hostile relations with the peoples of lowland Mesopotamia. [ [http://www.encyclopaediairanica.com/articles/v11f4/v11f4045.html Iranica.com - GUTIANS] ]References
ee also
*
Gutian dynasty of Sumer
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
