Provisional Priamurye Government

The Provisional Priamurye Government (also rendered as Provisional Priamur Government) existed in the Siberian region of Priamurye, Russia, between May 27, 1921 and October 25, 1922. It was the last White Army enclave during the Russian Civil War.

The government had its origin in a White Army coup in Vladivostok and its environs whose aim was to break away from the Far Eastern Republic, surviving behind a "cordon sanitaire" of Japanese troops involved in the Siberian Intervention. The coup was started on May 23 by the "Kappelevtsy", the remnants of Vladimir Kappel's army.

The government was headed by the Merkulov brothers - Spiridon Dionisovich Merkulov (former functionary of the Ministry of Agriculture), head of the Priamurye government, and Nikolai Merkulov, merchant. Both were deputies of the Russian Provisional Government. Somewhat later the Cossack ataman Grigory Semyonov attempted to take power, but he was not backed by the Japanese, and eventually withdrew. "Kappelevtsy" and "Semyonovtsy" despised each other.

Gradually the enclave was expanded to Khabarovsk and further to Spassk, 125 miles north of Vladivostok. [ [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~fayfamily/harold_vv_russia.html HAROLD VAN VECHTEN FAY: WITNESS TO JAPAN'S APRIL 1920 OFFENSIVE IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST] ; reports of Capt. Fay are used in the chapter "Ataman's exile and White Russia's last spasms 9october 1920-November 1922)" of the book Jamie Bisher, "" (2005) ISBN 0714656909] The Merkulovs were deposed in June 1922 and replaced by one of Kolchak's generals, Mikhail Diterikhs.

In July 1922 a Zemsky Sobor (Приамурский Земский Собор) was convened in the territory. This sobor, calling to all Russian people to repent for the overthrow of the tsar, reinstituted a monarchy by naming Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich Romanov as tsar. Patriarch Tikhon (who was not present; neither was the Grand Duke) was named as the honorary chairman of the sobor. The territory was renamed Priamursky Zemsky Krai. Diterikhs styled himself "voyevoda" and the army was called "Zemskaya Rat' " ("rat' " is an archaic Slavic term for military force).

When the Japanese withdrew, the Soviet army of the Far Eastern Republic retook the territory. The Civil War was officially declared over, although the Ayano-Maysky District was still controlled by Anatoly Pepelyayev at that time.

References

*Yuri Korolkov, " [http://www.kuzbass.ru/moshkow/lat/PRIKL/KOROLKOW/rihard_zorge.txt Sovershenno Sekretno, Pri Opasnosti Szhech] " Minsk "Belarus Publishers", 1986 (memoirs of doctor Aleksandr Mikulin)

See also

*Far Eastern Federal District
*Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
*American Expeditionary Force Siberia
*William Sidney Graves
*Sergei Prokofiev
*Green Ukraine
*Projected White Russian state in Outer Manchuria
*Zeleny Klyn
*Siberian Intervention
*Japanese-planned Republic of the Far East
*Soviet Central Asia

External links

* [http://cccpcamera.photo-web.cc/Hi-Ho/Stamp/FarEastern/Anti/Priamur.htm Postal stamps of the PPG]