- Gustav Richter
Gustav Richter was an aide to
Nazi Adolf Eichmann duringWorld War II .Richter was born in 1913 and he received a law degree (died about 1982).
Richter was a devoted
Nazi himself. He was a member of theNational Socialist German Workers Party ("Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei",NSDAP ) and he joined the "Protective Squadron" ("Schutzstaffel ",SS ).Romania
In April 1941, Richter was sent to
Bucharest ,Romania , as the adviser on Jewish Affairs. He collaborated closely with the German Ambassador toRomania ,Manfred Freiherr von Killinger .After returning to
Berlin in September 1941, Richter returned to Romania. He remained there until August 1944. It was Richter who insisted on the reintroduction of repressive measures. On3 September 1941 , it was by his order that wearing the yellow badge was re-endorsed.Richter's primary task was to take a census of the Jews in Romania. He planned the ghettoization and ultimate extermination of 300,000 Romanian Jews. Richter planned to deport the Romanian Jews to the
Belzec extermination camp in occupiedPoland . His other task was to prevent the emigration of Jewish children from Romania toPalestine .On
22 July 1942 , Richter received permission from Romania's Prime Minister and Foreign Minister,Mihai Antonescu , permission to deport the Romanian Jews to the Belzec. However, while hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed in Romania, in general, Richter's plan to deport them to Belzec fell through.Richter did manage to prevent the immigration of deportees, particularly orphans from
Transnistria , toPalestine . Richter did this in accordance with the detailed instructions he received directly from Eichmann and the German Foreign Ministry.On
23 August 1944 , the Romanian royalist forces under King Michael I (King Mihai) stage a coup, deposed the government ofIon Antonescu (Romania's military dictator), quit the Axis, and joined theAllies . Richter found himself besieged in the German embassy in Bucharest by royalist forces. He was captured by the Romanians and he was delivered by them to the Soviet forces.Prisoner of war
On
21 January 1945 , while inSoviet custody immediately followingWorld War II , Richter shared a prison cell withRaoul Wallenberg atLubyanka prison . On1 March 1945 , Richter was moved from his cell and he never saw Wallenberg again. Richter testified in Sweden in 1955 that Wallenberg was interrogated at least once by the Soviets for about an hour-and-a-half. According to Richter, this interrogation took place in early February of 1945.After ten years in prisoner-of-war camps in the
Soviet Union , Richter was transferred to Germany in 1955 but he never fully escaped prison. Preparations for Richter's trial began in Germany in 1961. But the trial did not begin until December 1981. The basis for Richter's conviction was the plan, signed by him, to deport Romanian Jewry to Belzec. In early 1982, Richter was sentenced to four years of imprisonment.ee also
*
Wiesel Commission
*History of the Jews in Romania
*Romania during World War II
*Battle of Romania (1944) External links
* [http://www.shoa.de/content/view/348/230/] death about 1982
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