- Arts Club of Chicago
infobox Museum
name= Arts Club of Chicago
established= 1916
(current location since April 4, 1997)
location= 201 E. Ontario Street,Chicago ,Illinois 60611
United States flagicon|USA
director=
website= noneArts Club of Chicago is a private club located in the Near North Side community area of
Chicago in Cook County,Illinois , United States, a block east of theMagnificent Mile , that exhibits internationalcontemporary art . It was founded in 1916, inspired by the success of theArt Institute of Chicago 's handling of theArmory Show . [cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/70.html|author=Kruty, Paul|title=Armory Show of 1913|accessdate=2007-06-27|date=2005|publisher=Chicago Historical Society|work=The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago] Its founding was viewed as a statement that art had become an important component of civilized urban life.cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/72.html|author=Warren, Lynne|title=Art|accessdate=2007-06-27|date=2005|publisher=Chicago Historical Society|work=The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago] The Arts Club is said to have been pro-Modernist from its founding.cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/83.html|author=Roeder, George H., Jr.|title=Artists, Education and Culture of|accessdate=2007-06-27|date=2005|publisher=Chicago Historical Society|work=The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago] The Club strove to break new ground with its shows, rather than collect the works of established artists as the Art Institute does.The club presented
Pablo Picasso 's first United States showing. In addition, the 1951 exhibition byJean Dubuffet and his "Anticultural Positions" lecture at the Arts Club were tremendous influences on what would become the mid 1960sImagist movement. Another important presentation in the history of the Arts Club was theFernand Leger showing of "Le Ballet Mecanique".The Club's 1997 move to its current 201 E. Ontario Street location was not without controversy, because the club demolished its former interior space designed by
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and moved only the central staircase to the new gallery space.cite web|url=http://www.aiachicago.org/special_features/1996_Design_Awards/Unbuilt/Awards/Winners/unbuilt_171.html |title=Honor : The Arts Club of Chicago| accessdate=2007-06-28|publisher=American Institute of Architects Chicago] However, the new space is Ft2 to m2|19000|wiki=yes, which is Ft2 to m2|7000 larger than the old space.cite web|url=http://www.artn.com/Building.pdf|title=The Arts Club of Chicago Building Fact Sheet|accessdate=2007-06-29|date=|publisher=www.artn.com|format=PDF]Mission and purpose
The inaugural mission of the club was "to encourage higher standards of art, maintain galleries for that purpose, and to promote the mutual acquaintance of art lovers and art workers." This mission arose from the contemporary Chicago active art scene, which had 30 commercial art galleries showing traditional art and an internationally recognized museum. Additionally, the local
mass media gave equitable coverage to thevisual art s. The art scene also had enough clubs and organizations formusician s, writers andartist s. Unfortunately, the lively art scene did not adequately represent theavant-garde art. The local galleries emphasized American, English and the occasional French work, emphasizing prints and drawings. This necessitated trips toNew York City ,London orParis for Chicagoans who wanted to buy art.Wells, p. 6]The club does not generally show traveling exhibitions curated by others. Instead, it curates its own exhibits, often with very original works. This places emphasis on cutting edge and avant-garde art.
History
The club was founded in 1916 and experienced its first coverage in the "
Chicago Tribune " on March 16, 1916. [Wells, p. 6.] It had office space in the Fine Arts Building that became too limiting to serve the club's mission. In 1918, the club elected Rue Winterbotham Carpenter to replace Mrs. Robert McGann as president. She moved the club to 610 South Michigan Avenue . [Wells, p. 7.] The first exhibition included portraits byWhistler ,Renoir ,Cassatt ,August Johns and others. By 1922, the club had outgrown its quarters and sponsored supplementary space at the Art Institute of Chicago until 1927 when the cost of doing so became prohibitive. In 1924, the club moved to the north tower of theWrigley Building . [Wells, p. 8.] Among its first exhibitions at the Wrigley building was the first major United States show (seventeen sculptures, nineteen drawings and a painting) of Brancusi. The show was installed byMarcel Duchamp . [Wells, p. 9.] Rue Carpenter died on December 7, 1931, [Wells, p. 9.] and Mrs. Charles Goodspeed was elected president in 1932. [Wells, p. 10.] The club moved to more spacious accommodations at the Wrigley Building in 1936. "Bobsy" Goodspeed served as president until 1940. Then, Rue Winterbotham Carpenter’sniece Rue Winterbotham Shaw was elected President. [Wells, p. 11.] In 1947, the club scaled down its operations for four years after losing its Wrigley Buildinglease . In 1951, it moved to 109 East Ontario in quarters built to specification that were designed byLudwig Mies van der Rohe . [Wells, p. 39.] Using Arts Club furnitur, he designed a gallery, dining room, and lecture hall in a pre-existing building. The gallery was built aroundConstantin Brâncuşi 's "The Golden Bird" and the stairway was renowned for its simplistic elegance. [cite book|title=Chicago Architecture and Design|author=Pridmore, Jay and George A. Larson|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=0-8109-5892-9|chapter=The Meaning of Mies and the Rise of Modernism] Shaw died in January 1979 and James Phinney Baxter was elected to serve until 1981 when Stanley Freehling was elected. [Wells, p. 72.] The club struggled financially in the 1980s. [Wells, p. 73.]In the 1990s, the club was located west of Michigan Avenue and behind the 620 building which was home to many of Chicago's finest
art dealer s including Richard Gray and Richard L. Feigen & Co. The Arts club did not own the land upon which their famous Mies clubhouse was built; instead, the club held the land in a longtermlease hold. In 1990, the owner of 620 N. Michigan and the Arts Club land decided to sell. At first the Arts Club hoped to raise the mony to purchase its land along with the 620 N. Michigan Avenue property in an effort spearheaded by Richard Gray, but it quickly became apparent that the club would lose a bidding war over this valuable land. A developer bought the property and demolished the entire block to make way for a movie complex andshopping center .With the prospect of losing its home, the Arts Club opted to sell one of the most valuable items in its collection to finance the purchase of new land. The club decided to sell Brancusi's Bird to the Art Institute of Chicago. [Shaw, p. 29.] To finance the purchase, the Art Institute sold several second tier works from its famous
Impressionist collection atSotheby 's in guaranteed lots which was a new concept in theauction world in 1990. While without permanent home, the club continued to meet regularly in space loaned by the Casino, another famous Near North Side club.The Ft2 to m2|19000 John Vinci designed building is a two-story structure that cost $9 million for the land, building,
landscaping , andinterior design . The exteriorfacade is buffbrick with blackgranite windowsills andthresholds and white-paintedsteel window s. The building features furniture dating back to the club's founding as well as Mies van der Rohe designs. Several elements of the new building's design are considered homages to Mies. The fact that the building was so Miesian thirty years after his death while the club focussed on avant-gard art was a bit of a controversy. [cite book|title=Chicago Architecture and Design|author=Pridmore, Jay and George A. Larson|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=0-8109-5892-9|chapter=Chicago's Second Modern Period] The building's atrium that allows filtered light into the central galleries and dining areas is its primary feature. Another focal point of the building is the restored Mies van der Rohe steel staircase that provides access to the second floor. The design includes white-painted steel, travertinemarble , floor-to-ceiling curtains, dark-stained wood floors, and large areas of glass. The color palette of saffron, black, gray, scarlet, and white is consistent with the former building. Also notable are the veil of north side metal screens. The building also has a Ft2 to m2|1600 outdoor landscapedgarden . The building accommodates a 200 person audience seating.Collection
The Arts Club's collection is a combination of acquisitions from its exhibitions and donations from both members and artists. It includes works by
Georges Braque ,Alexander Calder ,Natalia Goncharova ,Paul Klee ,Henri Matisse ,Joan Miró ,Henry Moore ,Isamu Noguchi ,Francis Picabia , andPablo Picasso . The club has made recent acquisitions of contemporary works byMalcolm Morley ,Alex Katz , andPeter Doig . The Club maintains a document collection, mostly of correspondence with its artists, at theNewberry Library . Further information on the club collection can be found in "The Arts Club of Chicago: The Collection 1916-1996" by Sophia Shaw, granddaughter of the Club's dynamic past president Rue Winterbotham Shaw. [cite web|url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/13456.ctl|publisher=The Universityof Chicago Press|title=Shaw, Sophia, editor The Arts Club of Chicago: The Collection 1916-1996 |accessdate=2007-08-08]Highlights
Notable works in the club's private collection include:
* "Red Petals", plate steel, steel wire, sheet aluminum, soft-iron bolts, and aluminum paint, 1942, [Shaw, pg. 40] by Alexander Calder
* "Main Staircase for The Arts Club of Chicago", steel, travertine marble, 1948-1951, [Shaw, pg. 76] by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
* "Untitled",charcoal on ivory laid paper, 1922, [Shaw, pg. 74] by Henri Matisse
* "Personage an Birds in Front of the Sun (Personnage et oiseaux devant le soleil)", ink and gouache on paper, 1942, [Shaw, pg. 78] by Joan Miró
* "This Thing is Made to Perpetuate My Memory (Cette Chose est faite pour perpetuer mon souvenir)", ink, gouache or watercolor, and silver and bronze paint on board, 1915, [Shaw, pg. 86] by Francis Picabia
* "Head of a Woman (Tete de femme)", red and black chalk with chalk wash on tan laid paper, laid down on lightweight Japanese paper, 1922, [Shaw, pg. 90] by Pablo PicassoExhibitions, performances and lectures
Until the
Museum of Modern Art was founded in 1929, Chicago and The Arts Club in particular was the most receptive exhibtor ofmodern art in the United States. At that time, no institution in the United States, especially none in Manhattan, would exhibit Europeanmodernism . By renting space at theArt Institute of Chicago 's Building the Arts Club was able to arrange showings in Chicago's most prestigious museum.The club has exhibited an impressive number of well-known 20th century
visual artist s. Many of the century's most controversial artists made their United States ormidwest solo exhibition debuts at the club including: Alexander Calder,Marc Chagall ,Salvador Dalí ,Jean Dubuffet ,Pablo Picasso ,Jackson Pollock ,Auguste Rodin ,Georges Seurat , andHenri Toulouse-Lautrec . In addition, many artists have given lectures at the Club, includingMartha Graham ,Kathleen Battle ,Leonard Bernstein ,Kenneth Branagh andRobert Altman . Aside from visual artists, the Club also has hosted lectures and performances from such prominent musicians asJohn Cage ,Philip Glass ,Ramsey Lewis andIgor Stravinsky , and poetsW. H. Auden ,Gertrude Stein andWilliam Butler Yeats . Most notable among these exhibitions was Picasso's first United States showing,Fitzgerald, pp. 120-1] "Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso" from March 20 to April 22, 1923, [Shaw, pg. 123] by the Arts Club at its installation at the Art Institute of Chicago. In the 1930s, whenIsamu Noguchi was still known as a sculptor, they hosted him. [cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744590,00.html|title=Third Noguchi|accessdate=2008-04-30|date=1932-10-10 |publisher=Time, Inc. |work=Time ] In 1970 whenVarujan Boghosian was a timely sculptor known for depicting the legend oforpheus , The Arts Club hosted a showing. [cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,876579,00.html|title=The Mythmaker|accessdate=2008-04-30|date=1970-02-09 |publisher=Time, Inc. |work=Time ]Locations
The current location is the club's seventh location. However, this is the first building owned by the club. The location history is listed below.cite web|url=http://www.artn.com/ArtsClub.pdf|title=Fact Sheet|accessdate=2007-06-29|date=|publisher=www.artn.com|format=PDF]
The first home at the Fine Arts Building had no exhibition space. The club was not able to put on its first exhibition until December 18 when it moved to a location with exhibition space. The club's early gallery spaces were not sufficient to achieve the club's goals and it agreed to assume cost and selection responsibilities for works in a series of shows at The Arts Club Exhibition Room at the Art Institute of Chicago from 1922-1927.Wells, p. 8]
Leadership
The club has had seven Presidents:
References
*Fitzgerald, Michael C. (1984). "Making Modernism: Picasso and the Creation of the Market for Twentieth Century Art". Farrar Straus & Giroux. ISBN .
*Shaw, Sophia (ed.) (1997). " [http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/13456.ctl The Arts Club of Chicago: The Collection 1916-1996] ". The Arts Club of Chicago. ISBN .
*Wells, James M. (1992). "The Arts Club of Chicago: Seventy-Fifth Anniversary".Notes
External links
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