Lar Gibbon

Lar Gibbon

Taxobox
name = Lar GibbonMSW3 Groves|pages=179-180|id=12100761]
status = EN
status_system = iucn3.1
they live in Burma
trend = unknown
status_ref = IUCN2006|assessors=Eudey "et al"|year=2000|id=10548|title=Hylobates lar|downloaded=11 May 2006 ]


image_width = 240px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
familia = Hylobatidae
genus = "Hylobates"
species = "H. lar"
binomial = "Hylobates lar"
binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1771)

The Lar Gibbon ("Hylobates lar"), also known as the White-handed Gibbon, is a primate in the Hylobatidae or gibbon family. It is one of the more well-known gibbons and is often seen in zoos.

Range

The range of the Lar Gibbon historically extended from southwest China and eastern Myanmar to Thailand and Burma down the whole Malay Peninsula. It is also present in the northwest portion of the island of Sumatra. In recent decades, especially the continental range has been reduced and fragmented, and the animals are extinct in China. [cite press release
publisher=University of Zurich
date=15.05.2008
url=http://www.mediadesk.unizh.ch/mitteilung.php?text_id=294&grp=aktuell
title=Weisshandgibbons in China ausgestorben
accessdate=Monday, May 19, 2008
]

Appearance

The fur coloring of the Lar Gibbon varies from black and dark-brown to light brown sandy colors. The hands and feet are white colored, likewise a ring of white hair surrounds the black face. Both males and females can have all color variants, and the sexes also hardly differ in size. As is the case for all gibbons, they have long hands and no tail.

Diet

The diet of the Lar Gibbon is mainly fruits and leaves, but it will also eat buds, flowers, birds and insects

Behavior

Lar Gibbons are diurnal and arboreal, inhabiting rain forests. They rarely come on ground, but they use their long arms to brachiate through the trees. With their hooked hands they can move swiftly with great momentum, swinging from the branches. Traditionally thought to form lifelong monogamous pairings, long-term studies conducted in Khao Yai National Park in Thailand suggest that their mating system is somewhat flexible, incorporating extra-pair copulations, partner changes and polyandrous groupings. [cite book | author = Sommer, V. & Reichard, U. | year = 2000 | chapter = Rethinking Monogamy: The Gibbon Case | title = Primate Males | editor = P. Kappeler, ed. | location = Cambridge | publisher = Cambridge University Press | pages = 159-168] The family groups inhabit a firm territory, which they protect by warding off other gibbons with their calls.

Reproduction

Sexually they are similar to other gibbons. Gestation is seven months long and pregnancies are usually of a single young. Young are nursed for approximately two years, and full maturity comes at about 8 years. The life expectancy of the Lar Gibbons in the wild is about 25 years.

tatus

Lar Gibbons are threatened in various ways: they are sometimes hunted for their meat, sometimes a parent is killed in order to capture young animals for pets. The largest danger, however, is the loss of habitat. With breathtaking speed the forests of Southeast Asia are cut down in order to establish plantations, fields and settlements. National parks and protected areas exist, but are often poorly supervised.

ubspecies

There are five subspecies of Lar Gibbon:cite web | last = Geissmann | first = Thomas | title = Gibbon Systematics and Species Identification | url = http://gibbons.de/main/system/intro.html | accessdate = 2006-04-13]
* Malaysian Lar Gibbon, "Hylobates lar lar"
* Carpenter's Lar Gibbon, "Hylobates lar carpenteri"
* Central Lar Gibbon, "Hylobates lar entelloides"
* Sumatran Lar Gibbon, "Hylobates lar vestitus"
* Yunnan Lar Gibbon, "Hylobates lar yunnanensis" (possibly extinct)

References

External links

*ARKive - [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Hylobates_lar/ images and movies of the white-handed gibbon "(Hylobates lar)"]
* [http://www.gibbons.de/main/photo/03lar.html Lar Gibbon photos]
* [http://www.gibbons.de/main/sound/03lar.html Lar Gibbon songs]
* [http://www.gibboncenter.org/ Gibbon Conservation Center]
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Hylobates_lar.html Lar Gibbon] at "Animal Diversity Web"


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