Prophetic Year

In Biblical eschatology a Prophetic Year or Prophetical Year is
* A 360-day period of "time"
* A 360-year period of "time", or
* A 360-year period of "time" composed of 360-day "years".

The names Apocalyptic Year and Apocalyptical Year have also been used in some literature, in obvious reference to Revelation, also known as "The Apocalypse of St. John".

Origins

The origin appears to be in connection mainly with the following Bible verses referring to the period translated, "time".

"And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time." Daniel 7:25

"And I heard the man clothed in linen, which was upon the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand unto heaven, and sware by him that liveth for ever that it shall be for a time, times, and an half; and when he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people, all these things shall be finished." Daniel 12:7

"And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place, where she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face of the serpent. " Revelation 12:14

Examples in literature

Examples of use of the first definition can be found most notably in Sir Robert Anderson's "The Coming Prince". From pages 74-75 of the 10th Edition:

Now this seventieth week is admittedly a period of seven years, and half of this period is three times described as "a time, times, and half a time," or "the dividing of times'"* twice as forty-two months;† and twice as 1,260 days.‡ But 1,260 days are exactly equal to forty-two months of thirty days, or three and a half years of 360 days, whereas three and a half Julian years contain 1,278 days. It follows therefore that the prophetic year is not the Julian year, but the ancient year of 360 days.§

(*) Dan. vii. 25; xii. 7; Rev. xii. 14.
† Rev. xi. 2' xiii. 5.
‡ Rev. xi. 3' xii. 6.
§ It is noteworthy that the prophecy was given at Babylon, and the Babylonian year consisted of twelve months of thirty days. That the prophetic year is not the ordinary year is no new discovery. It was noticed sixteen centuries ago by Julias Africanus in his "Chronography", wherein he explains the seventy weeks to be weeks of "Jewish" (lunar) years, beginning with the twentieth of Artaxerxes, the fourth year of the 83rd Olympiad, and ending in the second year of the 202nd Olympiad; 475 Julian years being equal to 490 lunar years.

The second and third definition can be said to follow from application of the day for a year principle.

While perhaps less common than the second definition, examples of the third definition can be found for instance in the Rev. Robert Fleming Junior's "The Rise and Fall of Papacy", (1701). From the 1848 edition, page 34.

...we will find that the twelve hundred and sixty days in the Revelation, being reduced to years, are eighteen years short of Julian years in the prophetical reckoning, by reason of the additional days turned into years in the ordinary accounts now, above the Apocalyptical reckoning.

To demonstrate which, I present you with the following scheme:---

The Prophetical Year.
One 360 + One 360 = Two 720
Three 1080 + Half 180 = Three Years and a half - 1260

The Julian Year.
One 365 + One 365 = Two 730
Three 1095 + Half 183 = Three Years and a half - 1278

Now if, according to this computation, we subtract twelve hundred and sixty Apocalyptical years from twelve hundred and seventy-eight Julian or Gregorian ones ( I call them so "ore rotundo", overlooking the smaller measures of time), there remain eighteen years to be cut off.

Discussion

In scripture, Prophetic Years of 360 days or years has been interpreted as being equal to prophetic months of 30 days or years which has been interpreted as being equal to one "time". When "times, time, and half a time" have been mentioned in one verse and subsequently 42 months and 1260 days have been mentioned in other verses as found in Daniel and Revelation, these periods have been taken by many as talking about equal periods of time.

Prophetic MonthsOther interpretations, (reference 4) have taken instead, prophetic months as equal to an average of 30.44 years based on 365.2422 divided by 12.

And here is how you can prove the above to be the correct interpretation. Construction of the Islamic Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem began in 688 A.D.. Jerusalem was freed of Islamic control in 1967 A.D.. Applying the prophetic days of Ezekiel 4:5-6:

1967A.D. - 1278.34 years = 688.66 A. D. An exact historic fit; so the interpretation is true.

[http://www.beholdthebeast.com/mark_of_the_beast.htm]

TimesOther interpretations, (reference 4), have taken a "time" to equal a 1,000 years.

2. Daniel 7:1 In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon Daniel had a dream and visions of his head upon his bed: then he wrote the dream, [and] told the sum of the matters.You can Yahoo confirmation for the first year of Belshazzar to be 552 BC

Later in this dream we read:Daniel 7:25 And he will speak words against the Most High, and he will oppress the high holy ones, and he will think to change the times and the law, and they will be delivered into his hand until a time, two times, and half a time.

2500 - 552 = 1948 The restoration of the Jews to the holy land, declaring an independent Israel. End of the Jews being "led away captive", and being scattered among the "wilderness" of the nations.

[http://www.beholdthebeast.com/mathematical_precision_of_prophecy.htm]

References

1. Sir Robert Anderson's, "The Coming Prince"

[http://philologos.org/__eb-tcp/] [http://www.the-tribulation-network.com/ebooks/coming_prince/Coming_prince_ch01.htm]

2. Rev. Robert Fleming Junior's, "The Rise and Fall of Papacy"

[http://books.google.com/books?id=4CUEAAAAQAAJ&dq=robert+fleming+papacy&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=3-_pq4mrbF&sig=NL08a9bZ2Jykrge3i1q9FSQhg_Q#PPA93,M1]

3. New American Standard Bible, The Open Bible Study Edition, page 942:

The vision of the sixty-nine weeks in 9:25, 26 pin-points the coming of Messiah. The decree of 9:25 took place on March 4, 444 B.C., (Nehemiah 2:1:8). The sixty-nine weeks of seven years equals 483 years, or 173,880 days (using 360-day prophetic years). This leads to March 29, A.D. 33, the date of the Triumphal Entry...

4. Ellis H. Skolfield's, "The False Prophet"

[http://www.fishhouseministries.com/pdf/TFPChapters1-9.pdf] [http://www.fishhouseministries.com/pdf/TFPChapters10-17.pdf]