Slavkov u Brna

Geobox | Settlement
name = Slavkov u Brna
other_name =
category = Town


image_caption =

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symbol = Slavkov_u_Brna_znak.png etymology =
official_name =
motto =
nickname =
country = Czech Republic
country_

state =
region = South Moravian
region_type = Region
district = Vyškov
district_type = District
commune = Slavkov u Brna
municipality =
part =
river =
location =
elevation = 211
lat_d = 49
lat_m = 9
lat_s = 11.72
lat_NS = N
long_d = 16
long_m = 52
long_s = 35.37
long_EW = E
highest =
highest_elevation =
highest_lat_d =
highest_long_d =
lowest =
lowest_elevation =
lowest_lat_d =
lowest_long_d =
area = 14.95
area_round = 2
population = 6062
population_date = 2005
population_density = auto
established = 1237
established_type = First mentioned
mayor = Ivan Charvát
timezone =

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map_background = Czechia - background map.png map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
map_locator = Czechia
commons = Slavkov u Brna
statistics = [http://www.statnisprava.cz/ebe/ciselniky.nsf/i/593583 statnisprava.cz]
website = [http://www.slavkov.cz/ www.slavkov.cz]
footnotes =

Slavkov u Brna (IPA2|'slafkof 'ʊbr̩na, i. e. Slavkov by Brno ( _de. Austerlitz), is a country town east of Brno in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Population: 5,900. The town is widely known for giving its name to the Battle of Austerlitz which actually took place some kilometers to the west of the town.

At the beginning of the 13th century, the Teutonic Order built a monastery stronghold whose remains can still be seen today in the vaults of the Austerlitz Palace. The first written testimony about the place date from 1237. The Czech name "Slavkov" is first documented in 1361, the German name "Austerlitz" in 1633 and is said to be a truncation of the Czech "Novosedlice" ("Novosedlicz", "Nausedlicz"), which means "new settlement", although this cannot be clarified definitively. After the dissolution of the Order, the town became the property of a number of noble owners until, in 1509, the local gentry family of Kaunitz assumed control for more than 400 years.

Sightseeing

* Baroque "Slavkov Castle (Austerlitz)" has 115 rooms and an impressive garden in the French style. The Palace was designed by Italian architect Domenico Martinelli. In its historic salon, an armistice was signed between Austria and France after the battle of Austerlitz on 2 December, 1805. There is a small historic museum (only in Czech) and a multimedia presentation about the battle.
* On the main square is a late Renaissance town hall and mansion. Parts of the old town wall can also be seen.
* "Church of the Resurrection of the Lord" (on the south side of the main square). The classicist building with three pulpits was designed from 1786-1789 by the Viennese architect Johann Ferdinand Hetzendorf von Hohenberg.
* "Church of St. John the Baptist" (in the cemetery). The church contains the graves of the Kaunitz family.
* "Chapel of St. Urbanus" (to the north on the Urbanus hill). The chapel of 1712 was badly damaged during the battle of Austerlitz and had to be rebuilt during 1858-1861.
* "Jewish Heritage". Only the synagogue (built in 1858) remains from the Jewish ghetto. There is also a Jewish cemetery a little bit outside the town.

Monuments and sights about the Battle of Austerlitz

The battle of Austerlitz actually took place some kilometers to the west of Austerlitz. Public transport to the sights is limited, as the landscape has preserved its bucolic aspects. Agriculture still dominates the hilly terrain which has not changed much (apart from the sprawl of the villages). Unfortunately, a highway bisects the battlefield.
* The "Old Post" ( [http://www.staraposta.cz stará pošta] ) in "Kovalovice" is an original period building dating from 1785, which now serves as a hotel and restaurant. On 28th November 1805 the French cavalry general Murat set up his headquarters here. On the day of battle, the Russian general Bagration had his headquarters here. After the battle, Napoleon slept in this house and held preliminary negotiations about an armistice. A small museum is dedicated to commemorate these events.
* On "Santon" hill to east of "Tvarožná" village is a small white chapel. The hill was a mainstay of the French position and allowed the French artillery to dominate the northern portion of the battlefield. Below the hill, the yearly historical reenactments take place.
* On "Žuráň" hill Napoleon Bonaparte had his headquarters. A granite monuments depicts the battlefield positions.
* In "Šlapanice" village a number of "mass graves" with a monument can be seen.
* The "Peace Memorial" ("mohyla míru") on Prace hill. The memorial near "Prace" village has been designed and built by Josef Fanta during 1910–1912. The First World War postponed its inauguration until 1923. It is 26 m high, square, with four female statues symbolizing France, Austria, Russia and Moravia. Within is a chapel with an ossuary. A small museum commemorates the battle.
* Near "Křenovice" village stands a weathered "peace cross".
* The "Old Vineyards" ("staré vinohrady") near "Blažovice" saw the bloody collision of the French and Russian guards. Today , a new "Monument to the Three Emperors" has been erected there.

Much in the same way that in London, the English have named Waterloo station to commemorate the Waterloo victory, the French gave the name of Austerlitz to one of the major Parisian train stations, the Gare d'Austerlitz. There is also a Quai d'Austerlitz in the XIIIth arrondissement of Paris.

See also

* Battle of Austerlitz
* Napoléon Bonaparte

People

* "Austerlitz" Jewish pedigree

* František Koláček, Czech physicist
* Peregrin Obdržálek, a Catholic priest, founder of libraries, mutual savings banks and farm associations, also an author of religious literature, satire, humorous tales and poems

External links

* [http://www.slavkov.cz/kategorie/Slavkov-u-Brna Official Site of Slavkov]
* [http://www.austerlitz2005.com/en/obce/slavkov Austerlitz 2005 - Informationen about Slavkov]
* [http://www.zamky-hrady.cz/1/slavkov-e.htm Website with details of the town, and picture of monument]
* [http://www.zamek-slavkov.cz/ Official Website of Austerlitz Castle]
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=2149&letter=A Jewish Encyclopedia]