Kreutzer Sonata

"Kreutzer Sonata" is the name of several works of art.

* The "Kreutzer Sonata", Violin Sonata No. 9 in A major by Ludwig van Beethoven was originally inscribed "Sonata mulattica composta per il mulatto Brischdauer", in honour of the Polish-West Indian violinist George Bridgetower (1780 - 1860) who first performed it in 1802 at an 8:00 am concert. However, after the performance, while the two were drinking, Bridgetower insulted the morals of a woman who turned out to be Beethoven's friend. Enraged, Beethoven changed the name of the piece to the "Kreutzer Sonata", dedicating it to Rudolphe Kreutzer, considered the finest violinist of the day. However, Kreutzer never performed it, and considered it unplayable.
* "The Kreutzer Sonata", a novella published in 1889 by Leo Tolstoy, using the Beethoven piece as an example of how people can be led astray by their unruly passions.
* String Quartet No. 1 by Leoš Janáček is entitled "Kreutzer Sonata" after Tolstoy's novella (1923).
* Films based on Tostoy's novella, with the same name (others with a different name not included here):
**"The Kreutzer Sonata" (1915) starring Theda Bara
**"Kreutzersonate" (1937) directed by Veit Harlan
**"Kreytserova sonata" (1987) directed by Mikhail Shvejtser.
**A third film was in production as of June 2008, directed by Bernard Rose, starring Anjelica Huston.
* "Sonata", a short story by Scottish poet and novelist Jackie Kay, details a love affair between two women who originally met whilst rehearsing for a performance of the Kreutzer Sonata.
* Di Kreytser sonata (The Kreutzer Sonata), a play by Jacob Gordin, adapted from the Tolstoy novel, 1902.
* Sonata Kreutzer by Mircea Eliadeclarifyme
* Kreutzer Sonata by Margriet De Moor, based very loosely on Tolstoy's novella