Small nucleolar RNA R21

Small nucleolar RNA R21 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifiying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.snoRNA R21 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs [cite journal | last = Galardi | first = S | coauthors = Fatica A, Bachi A, Scaloni A, Presutti C, Bozzoni I | year = 2002 | title = Purified box C/D snoRNPs are able to reproduce site-specific 2'-O-methylation of target RNA in vitro | journal = Mol Cell Biol | volume = 22 | pages = 6663–6668 | pmid = 12215523 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002] .Plant snoRNA R21 was identified in a screen of "Arabidopsis thaliana"cite journal |author=Barneche F, Gaspin C, Guyot R, Echeverría M |title=Identification of 66 box C/D snoRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive gene duplications generated multiple isoforms predicting new ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylation sites |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=311 |issue=1 |pages=57–73 |year=2001 |pmid=11469857 |doi=10.1006/jmbi.2001.4851] .

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