List of mammals in Israel

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Israel. There are 96 mammal species in Israel, of which 1 is critically endangered, 4 are endangered, 11 are vulnerable, and 3 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

*Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
***Genus: "Procavia"
**** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

----Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

*Family: Dugongidae
***Genus: "DugongVU

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricomorpha
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
****Genus: "Hystrix"
***** Indian Porcupine "Hystrix indica" LR/lc
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Sciurinae
****Tribe: Sciurini
*****Genus: "Sciurus"
****** Caucasian Squirrel "Sciurus anomalus" LR/nt
***Subfamily: Xerinae
****Tribe: Marmotini
*****Genus: "Spermophilus"
****** Asia Minor Ground Squirrel "Spermophilus xanthoprymnus" LR/lc
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Leithiinae
****Genus: "Dryomys"
***** Forest dormouse "Dryomys nitedula" LR/nt
****Genus: "Eliomys"
***** Asian Garden Dormouse "Eliomys melanurus" LC
**Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
***Subfamily: Dipodinae
****Genus: "Jaculus"
***** Greater Egyptian Jerboa "Jaculus orientalis" LC
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Spalacinae
****Genus: "Nannospalax"
***** Palestine Mole Rat "Nannospalax ehrenbergi" LC
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Cricetinae
****Genus: "Cricetulus"
***** Gray Dwarf Hamster "Cricetulus migratorius" LR/nt
****Genus: "Mesocricetus"
***** Turkish hamster "Mesocricetus brandti" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Arvicolinae
****Genus: "Arvicola"
***** Water Vole "Arvicola terrestris" LR/lc
****Genus: "Chionomys"
***** Snow Vole "Chionomys nivalis" LR/nt
****Genus: "Microtus"
***** Günther's Vole "Microtus guentheri" LR/nt
***** Persian Vole "Microtus irani" LR/lc
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: "Acomys"
***** Cairo Spiny Mouse "Acomys cahirinus" LC
***** Golden Spiny Mouse "Acomys russatus" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: "Gerbillus"
***** "Gerbillus allenbyi" VU
***** Anderson's Gerbil "Gerbillus andersoni" LR/lc
***** Wagner's Gerbil "Gerbillus dasyurus" LR/lc
***** "Gerbillus gerbillus" LC
***** Pygmy Gerbil "Gerbillus henleyi" LC
***** "Gerbillus nanus" LC
****Genus: "Meriones"
***** Sundevall's Jird "Meriones crassus" LC
***** Buxton's Jird "Meriones sacramenti" EN
***** Tristram's Jird "Meriones tristrami" LR/lc
****Genus: "Psammomys"
***** Sand Rat "Psammomys obesus" LC
****Genus: "Sekeetamys"
***** Bushy-tailed Jird "Sekeetamys calurus" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: "Apodemus"
***** Persian Field Mouse "Apodemus arianus" LR/lc
***** Yellow-necked Mouse "Apodemus flavicollis" LR/lc
***** Mt Hermon Field Mouse "Apodemus hermonensis" EN
***** Broad-toothed Field Mouse "Apodemus mystacinus" LR/lc
****Genus: "Mus"
***** Macedonian Mouse "Mus macedonicus" LR/lc
****Genus: "Nesokia"
***** Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat "Nesokia indica" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: "Lepus"
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc
*** European Hare "Lepus europaeus" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: "Erinaceus"
**** Southern White-breasted Hedgehog "Erinaceus concolor" LR/lc
***Genus: "Hemiechinus"
**** Desert Hedgehog "Hemiechinus aethiopicus" LR/lc
**** Long-eared Hedgehog "Hemiechinus auritus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: "Crocidura"
**** Bicolored Shrew "Crocidura leucodon" LR/lc
**** Lesser White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura suaveolens" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: "Rousettus"
**** Egyptian fruit bat "Rousettus aegyptiacus" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: "Myotis"
**** Lesser Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis blythii" LR/lc
**** Long-fingered Bat "Myotis capaccinii" VU
**** Geoffroy's Bat "Myotis emarginatus" VU
**** Greater Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis myotis" LR/nt
**** Natterer's bat "Myotis nattereri" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: "Eptesicus"
**** Serotine bat "Eptesicus serotinus" LR/lc
***Genus: "Hypsugo"
**** Desert Pipistrelle "Hypsugo ariel" DD
**** Bodenheimer's Pipistrelle "Hypsugo bodenheimeri" LR/nt
**** Savi's Pipistrelle "Hypsugo savii" LR/lc
***Genus: "Nyctalus"
**** Common Noctule "Nyctalus noctula" LR/lc
***Genus: "Pipistrellus"
**** Kuhl's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus kuhlii" LC
**** Common Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus pipistrellus" LC
**** Rüppel's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rueppelli" LC
***Genus: "Plecotus"
**** Grey long-eared bat "Plecotus austriacus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: "Miniopterus"
**** Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus schreibersii" LC
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: "Rhinopoma"
*** Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma hardwickei" LC
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: "Tadarida"
*** European Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida teniotis" LR/lc
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: "Taphozous"
*** Naked-rumped Tomb Bat "Taphozous nudiventris" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: "Nycteris"
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: "Rhinolophus"
**** Blasius's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus blasii" NT
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus euryale" VU
**** Greater Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum" LR/nt
**** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC
**** Mehely's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus mehelyi" VU
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: "Asellia"
**** Trident Leaf-nosed Bat "Asellia tridens" LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)

----The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: "Steno"
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: "Sousa"
***** "Sousa chinensis" DD
****Genus: "Delphinus"
***** Common dolphin "Delphinus delphis" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: "Acinonyx"
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: "Caracal"
***** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
****Genus: "Felis"
***** Jungle Cat "Felis chaus" LC
***** Sand Cat "Felis margarita" NT
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: "Panthera"
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: "Herpestes"
**** Egyptian Mongoose "Herpestes ichneumon" LR/lc
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: "Hyaena"
**** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: "Vulpes"
**** Blanford's fox "Vulpes cana" VU
**** Rueppell's Fox "Vulpes rueppelli" DD
***Genus: "Canis"
**** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" LC
**** Gray Wolf "Canis lupus" LC
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: "Mustela"
**** Least Weasel "Mustela nivalis" LR/lc
***Genus: "Vormela"
**** Marbled Polecat "Vormela peregusna" LR/lc
***Genus: "Mellivora"
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
***Genus: "Meles"
**** Eurasian Badger "Meles meles" LR/lc
***Genus: "Lutra"
**** European Otter "Lutra lutra" NT
**Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
***Genus: "Monachus"
**** Mediterranean Monk Seal "Monachus monachus" CR

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Cervidae (deer)
**Subfamily: Cervinae
***Genus: "Dama"
**** Fallow Deer "Dama dama" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Capreolinae
***Genus: "Capreolus"
**** Roe Deer "Capreolus capreolus" LR/lc
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: "Gazella"
**** Dorcas Gazelle "Gazella dorcas" VU
**** Mountain Gazelle "Gazella gazella" VU
**Subfamily: Caprinae
***Genus: "Ammotragus"
**** Barbary Sheep "Ammotragus lervia" VU
***Genus: "Capra"
**** Nubian Ibex "Capra nubiana" EN
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: "Oryx"
**** Arabian Oryx "Oryx leucoryx" EN

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=IL&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Israel
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species