List of mammals in Portugal

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Portugal. There are 86 mammal species in Portugal, of which 2 are critically endangered, 2 are endangered, 11 are vulnerable, and 1 is near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

-----

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Leithiinae
****Genus: Eliomys
***** Garden dormouse "Eliomys quercinus" VU
**Family: Cricetidae
***Subfamily: Arvicolinae
****Genus: Arvicola
***** Southwestern Water Vole "Arvicola sapidus" LR/nt
***** Water Vole "Arvicola terrestris" LR/lc
****Genus: Microtus
***** Field Vole "Microtus agrestis" LR/lc
***** Cabrera's Vole "Microtus cabrerae" LR/nt
***** Mediterranean Pine Vole "Microtus duodecimcostatus" LR/lc
***** Lusitanian Pine Vole "Microtus lusitanicus" LR/lc
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Apodemus
***** Wood mouse "Apodemus sylvaticus" LC
****Genus: Mus
***** Algerian Mouse "Mus spretus" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

-----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Oryctolagus
*** European Rabbit "Oryctolagus cuniculus" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

-----The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: Erinaceus
**** West European Hedgehog "Erinaceus europaeus" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

-----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Greater White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura russula" LC
**** Lesser White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura suaveolens" LR/lc
***Genus: Suncus
**** Etruscan Shrew "Suncus etruscus" LC
**Subfamily: Soricinae
***Tribe: Nectogalini
****Genus: Neomys
***** Southern Water Shrew "Neomys anomalus" LR/lc
***Tribe: Soricini
****Genus: Sorex
***** Iberian Shrew "Sorex granarius" LR/lc
***** Eurasian Pygmy Shrew "Sorex minutus" LR/lc
*Family: Talpidae (moles)
**Subfamily: Talpinae
***Tribe: Desmanini
****Genus: Galemys
***** Pyrenean Desman "Galemys pyrenaicus" VU
***Tribe: Talpini
****Genus: Talpa
***** Mediterranean Mole "Talpa caeca" LR/lc
***** Iberian Mole "Talpa occidentalis" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

-----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Myotinae
***Genus: Myotis
**** Bechstein's Bat "Myotis bechsteini" VU
**** Daubenton's bat "Myotis daubentonii" LR/lc
**** Geoffroy's Bat "Myotis emarginatus" VU
**** Greater Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis myotis" LR/nt
**** Whiskered bat "Myotis mystacinus" LR/lc
**** Natterer's bat "Myotis nattereri" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Barbastella
**** Barbastelle "Barbastella barbastellus" VU
***Genus: Eptesicus
**** Serotine bat "Eptesicus serotinus" LR/lc
***Genus: Nyctalus
**** Azores Noctule "Nyctalus azoreum" VU
**** Greater Noctule bat "Nyctalus lasiopterus" LR/nt
**** Lesser Noctule "Nyctalus leisleri" LR/nt
**** Common Noctule "Nyctalus noctula" LR/lc
***Genus: Pipistrellus
**** Madeira Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus maderensis" VU
***Genus: Plecotus
**** Brown long-eared bat "Plecotus auritus" LR/lc
**** Grey long-eared bat "Plecotus austriacus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: Miniopterus
**** Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus schreibersii" LC
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Tadarida
*** European Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida teniotis" LR/lc
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus euryale" VU
**** Greater Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum" LR/nt
**** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC
**** Mehely's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus mehelyi" VU

Order: Cetacea (whales)

-----

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Mysticeti
**Family: Balaenidae
***Genus: Eubalaena
**** North Atlantic Right Whale "Eubalaena glacialis" EN
**Family: Balaenopteridae
***Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
****Genus: Balaenoptera
***** Fin Whale "Balaenoptera physalus" EN
*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Phocoenidae
****Genus: Phocoena
***** Harbour Porpoise "Phocoena phocoena" VU
***Family: Physeteridae
****Genus: Physeter
***** Sperm Whale "Physeter macrocephalus" VU
***Family: Kogiidae
****Genus: Kogia
***** Pygmy Sperm Whale "Kogia breviceps" LR/lc
***** Dwarf Sperm Whale "Kogia sima" LR/lc
***Family: Ziphidae
****Genus: Ziphius
***** Cuvier's Beaked Whale "Ziphius cavirostris" DD
****Subfamily: Hyperoodontidae
*****Genus: Hyperoodon
****** Bottlenose whale "Hyperoodon ampullatus" LR/cd
*****Genus: Mesoplodon
****** Sowerby's Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon bidens" DD
****** Blainville's Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon densirostris" DD
****** True's Beaked Whale "Mesoplodon mirus" DD
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: Steno
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: Tursiops
***** Bottlenose Dolphin "Tursiops truncatus" DD
****Genus: Stenella
***** Striped Dolphin "Stenella coeruleoalba" LR/cd
***** Atlantic Spotted Dolphin "Stenella frontalis" DD
****Genus: Delphinus
***** Common dolphin "Delphinus delphis" LR/lc
****Genus: Lagenorhynchus
***** Atlantic White-sided Dolphin "Lagenorhynchus acutus" LR/lc
***** White-beaked Dolphin "Lagenorhynchus albirostris" LR/lc
****Genus: Grampus
***** Risso's Dolphin "Grampus griseus" DD
****Genus: Feresa
***** Pygmy Killer Whale "Feresa attenuata" DD
****Genus: Pseudorca
***** False Killer Whale "Pseudorca crassidens" LR/lc
****Genus: Globicephala
***** Pilot whale "Globicephala macrorhynchus" LR/cd
***** Pilot whale "Globicephala melas" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

-----

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Felis
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****Genus: Lynx
***** Iberian Lynx "Lynx pardinus" CR
**Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
***Subfamily: Viverrinae
****Genus: Genetta
***** Common Genet "Genetta genetta" LR/lc
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: Herpestes
**** Egyptian Mongoose "Herpestes ichneumon" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Vulpes
**** Red Fox "Vulpes vulpes" LC
***Genus: Canis
**** Gray Wolf "Canis lupus" LC
**Family: Ursidae (bears)
***Genus: Ursus
**** Brown Bear "Ursus arctos" LR/lc
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Mustela
**** Stoat "Mustela erminea" LR/lc
**** Least Weasel "Mustela nivalis" LR/lc
**** European Polecat "Mustela putorius" LR/lc
***Genus: Martes
**** Beech Marten "Martes foina" LR/lc
**** Pine Marten "Martes martes" LR/lc
***Genus: Meles
**** Eurasian Badger "Meles meles" LR/lc
***Genus: Lutra
**** European Otter "Lutra lutra" NT
**Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
***Genus: Cystophora
**** Hooded Seal "Cystophora cristata" LR/lc
***Genus: Erignathus
**** Bearded Seal "Erignathus barbatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Monachus
**** Mediterranean Monk Seal "Monachus monachus" CR
***Genus: Phoca
**** Common Seal "Phoca vitulina" LR/lc
***Genus: Pusa
**** Ringed Seal "Pusa hispida" LR/lc

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

-----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Cervidae (deer)
**Subfamily: Cervinae
***Genus: Cervus
**** Red Deer "Cervus elaphus" LR/lc
**Subfamily: Capreolinae
***Genus: Capreolus
**** Roe Deer "Capreolus capreolus" LR/lc
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Caprinae
***Genus: Capra
**** Spanish Ibex "Capra pyrenaica" LR/nt

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=PT&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Portugal
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species