List of mammals in Turkmenistan

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Turkmenistan. There are 81 mammal species in Turkmenistan, of which 1 is critically endangered, 3 are endangered, 12 are vulnerable, and 5 are near-threatened. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Sciurognathi
***Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
****Subfamily: Xerinae
*****Tribe: Xerini
******Genus: Spermophilopsis
******* Long-clawed Ground Squirrel "Spermophilopsis leptodactylus" LR/lc
*****Tribe: Marmotini
******Genus: Marmota
******* Menzbier's Marmot "Marmota menzbieri" VU
******Genus: Spermophilus
******* Yellow Ground Squirrel "Spermophilus fulvus" LR/lc
***Family: Gliridae (dormice)
****Subfamily: Leithiinae
*****Genus: Dryomys
****** Forest dormouse "Dryomys nitedula" LR/nt
*****Genus: Myomimus
****** Masked Mouse-tailed Dormouse "Myomimus personatus" VU
****Subfamily: Glirinae
*****Genus: Glis
****** Edible dormouse "Glis glis" LR/nt
***Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
****Subfamily: Allactaginae
*****Genus: Allactaga
****** Small Five-toed Jerboa "Allactaga elater" LR/lc
****** Great Jerboa "Allactaga major" LR/lc
****** Svertzov's Jerboa "Allactaga severtzovi" LR/lc
****** Mongolian Five-toed Jerboa "Allactaga sibirica" LR/lc
*****Genus: Allactodipus
****** Bobrinski's Jerboa "Allactodipus bobrinskii" LR/lc
****Subfamily: Dipodinae
*****Genus: Dipus
****** Northern Three-toed Jerboa "Dipus sagitta" LR/lc
*****Genus: Eremodipus
****** Lichtenstein's Jerboa "Eremodipus lichtensteini" LR/lc
*****Genus: Jaculus
****** Turkmen Jerboa "Jaculus turcmenicus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Paradipus
****** Comb-toed Jerboa "Paradipus ctenodactylus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Stylodipus
****** Thick-tailed Three-toed Jerboa "Stylodipus telum" LR/lc
***Family: Calomyscidae
****Genus: Calomyscus
***** Afghan Mouse-like Hamster "Calomyscus mystax" LR/nt
***Family: Cricetidae
****Subfamily: Arvicolinae
*****Genus: Blanfordimys
****** Afghan Vole "Blanfordimys afghanus" LR/lc
*****Genus: Ellobius
****** Southern Mole Vole "Ellobius fuscocapillus" LR/lc
****** Northern Mole Vole "Ellobius talpinus" LR/lc
****** Zaisan Mole Vole "Ellobius tancrei" LR/lc
*****Genus: Microtus
****** Persian Vole "Microtus irani" LR/lc
****** Tien Shan Vole "Microtus kirgisorum" LR/lc
****** Transcaspian Vole "Microtus transcaspicus" LR/lc
***Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
****Subfamily: Gerbillinae
*****Genus: Meriones
****** Libyan Jird "Meriones libycus" LC
****** Mid-day Jird "Meriones meridianus" LR/lc
****** Persian Jird "Meriones persicus" LR/lc
****** Tamarisk Jird "Meriones tamariscinus" LR/lc
****** Zarundny's Jird "Meriones zarudnyi" EN
****Subfamily: Murinae
*****Genus: Nesokia
****** Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat "Nesokia indica" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

**Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
***Genus: Ochotona
**** Afghan Pika "Ochotona rufescens" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

**Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
***Subfamily: Erinaceinae
****Genus: Hemiechinus
***** Long-eared Hedgehog "Hemiechinus auritus" LR/lc
***** Brandt's Hedgehog "Hemiechinus hypomelas" LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

**Family: Soricidae (shrews)
***Subfamily: Crocidurinae
****Genus: Crocidura
***** Lesser White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura suaveolens" LR/lc
****Genus: Diplomesodon
***** Piebald Shrew "Diplomesodon pulchellum" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Soricinae
****Tribe: Soricini
*****Genus: Sorex
****** Eurasian Pygmy Shrew "Sorex minutus" LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

**Family: Vespertilionidae
***Subfamily: Myotinae
****Genus: Myotis
***** Lesser Mouse-eared Bat "Myotis blythii" LR/lc
***** Geoffroy's Bat "Myotis emarginatus" VU
***** Natterer's bat "Myotis nattereri" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
****Genus: Eptesicus
***** Bobrinski's Serotine "Eptesicus bobrinskoi" LR/lc
***** Botta's Serotine "Eptesicus bottae" LC
***Subfamily: Miniopterinae
****Genus: Miniopterus
***** Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat "Miniopterus schreibersii" LC
**Family: Molossidae
***Genus: Tadarida
**** European Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida teniotis" LR/lc
**Family: Rhinolophidae
***Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
****Genus: Rhinolophus
***** Blasius's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus blasii" NT
***** Bokhara Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus bocharicus" LR/lc
***** Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus euryale" VU
***** Greater Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum" LR/nt
***** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
***Family: Felidae (cats)
****Subfamily: Felinae
*****Genus: Acinonyx
****** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
*****Genus: Caracal
****** Caracal "Caracal caracal" LC
*****Genus: Felis
****** Jungle Cat "Felis chaus" LC
****** Sand Cat "Felis margarita" NT
****** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
****** Pallas's Cat "Felis manul" NT
*****Genus: Lynx
****** Eurasian Lynx "Lynx lynx" NT
****Subfamily: Pantherinae
*****Genus: Panthera
****** Leopard "Panthera pardus" LC
****** Tiger "Panthera tigris" EN
***Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
****Genus: Hyaena
***** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
*Suborder: Caniformia
***Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
****Genus: Vulpes
***** Blanford's fox "Vulpes cana" VU
***** Corsac Fox "Vulpes corsac" LC
***** Red Fox "Vulpes vulpes" LC
****Genus: Canis
***** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" LC
***** Gray Wolf "Canis lupus" LC
***Family: Ursidae (bears)
****Genus: Ursus
***** Brown Bear "Ursus arctos" LR/lc
***Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
****Genus: Mustela
***** Steppe Polecat "Mustela eversmannii" LR/lc
***** Least Weasel "Mustela nivalis" LR/lc
****Genus: Vormela
***** Marbled Polecat "Vormela peregusna" LR/lc
****Genus: Martes
***** Beech Marten "Martes foina" LR/lc
****Genus: Mellivora
***** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc
****Genus: Meles
***** Eurasian Badger "Meles meles" LR/lc
****Genus: Lutra
***** European Otter "Lutra lutra" NT
***Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
****Genus: Pusa
***** Caspian Seal "Pusa caspica" VU

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

**Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
***Genus: Equus
**** Onager "Equus hemionus" VU

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

**Family: Suidae (pigs)
***Subfamily: Suinae
****Genus: Sus
***** Boar "Sus scrofa" LR/lc
**Family: Cervidae (deer)
***Subfamily: Cervinae
****Genus: Cervus
***** Red Deer "Cervus elaphus" LR/lc
**Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
***Subfamily: Antilopinae
****Genus: Gazella
***** Goitered Gazelle "Gazella subgutturosa" VU
****Genus: Saiga
***** Saiga Antelope "Saiga tatarica" CR
***Subfamily: Caprinae
****Genus: Capra
***** Wild Goat "Capra aegagrus" VU
***** Markhor "Capra falconeri" EN
****Genus: Ovis
***** Argali "Ovis ammon" VU
***** Mouflon "Ovis orientalis" VU

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=TM&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Turkmenistan
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species